牛骨形态发生蛋白复合煅烧骨治疗缺损的实验研究

目的：验证从牛皮质骨中提取的骨形态发生蛋白（bBMP)的异位诱导成骨能力，探讨煅桡骨（SB）作为某载体对骨缺损的治疗作用。方法：（1）将bBMP植入16只balb/c小鼠肌袋内，每周宰杀4只行细胞学检查，连续4周，（2）16只新西兰大白兔手术造成双侧桡骨1cm缺损，分别植入bBMP-SB和SB进行自身对照，分批宰杀后行X－线照片和组织学检查，结果：植入肌袋内的bBMP术后一周即可诱导软骨细胞形成，2周时可见编织骨，4周时可见小梁骨及骨髓成形，而骨缺损实验中，bBMP-SB组在软骨诱导，小梁骨的形成数量，骨折愈合等方面均明显优于单纯SB组，结论：（1）bBMP有强大的异位诱导成骨能力；（2）bBMP-SB复合骨可促进骨缺损愈合。

Experimental study of bovine bone morphogenetic protein combined with sintered bone in the treatment of bone defects]

OBJECTIVE: To confirm the capability of ectopic bone induction of the bovine bone morphogenetic protein (bBMP), and investigate the bBMP combined with sintered bone (SB) in the treatment of bone defects. METHODS: bBMP was separated from the bovine cortical bone and implanted into the muscle pouches of the balb/c mouses. 4 mouses were killed at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th week, and their tissues were fixed in 4% formalin for histologic examination. The bBMP was combined with sintered bovine cancellons bone (SB), and segmental defects were made at raddi in 16 New Zealand rabbits. One side of the rabbits was implanted with bBMP-SB, and another side implanted with SB. The animals were killed in the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th week after operation for X-ray and histologic examination. RESULTS: One week after bBMP implantation, the chondrocyte was induced in muscle pouches, the woven bone was seen in 2 weeks, and the trabecular bone was formed in 4 weeks. In bone defects models, the X-ray and histologic examination showed that all parameters (chondrocyte induction, the mount of the trabecular bone, defects heal) were better in the animals treated with bBMP-SB than that with SB. CONCLUSION: 1. bBMP can induce ectopic bone formation. 2. bBMP-SB can improve the healing of the bone defects.