蓝桉的化学成分及其药理活性研究进展

蓝桉Eucalyptus globulus是桃金娘科桉属植物,常以叶和果实入药,具有疏风解热、抑菌消炎、防腐止痒等功效。近年来从其果实、叶和茎皮中发现大量的生物活性成分,如间苯三酚衍生物、黄酮类、三萜类等。现代药理学研究表明,蓝桉中的化学成分具有抗菌、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、抗氧化和降血糖等多种生物活性。经系统文献调研,对蓝桉的化学成分及药理作用进行综述,并对蓝桉的开发利用前景进行展望,为进一步合理开发和综合利用蓝桉的药用资源提供参考。

Research advances on chemical constituents of Eucalyptus globulus and their pharmacological activities

Eucalyptus globulus, a kind of plant in Eucalyptus of Myrtaceae family, is commonly used in the leaves and fruits with the function of dispersing wind and clearing heat, bacteriostatic antiphlogistic, and anticorrosion itching. The bioactive chemical constituents in its fruits, leaves, and stem barks are mainly composed of phloroglucinol derivatives, flavonoides, and triterpenoids as well. Many compounds from this plant exhibit the interesting pharmacological activities, such as anti-microbial, antiviral, antitumor, and, anti-oxidant activities, and so on. The recent progress in the studies of the constituents and their pharmacological activity of this plant is reviewed in this paper, by which the prospect of development and utilization of E. globulus could be prospected. It provides the reference for the further development and comprehensive utilization of the resources of E. globulus.