临床实习护生心理健康状况及影响因素的调查与分析

目的探讨临床实习阶段不同教育层次护生的心理健康状况及其主要影响因素。方法采用横断面研究,抽取中专、大专、本科3个层次的临床实习护生154名,采用症状自评量表(Symptom Checklist 90,SCL-90)、简易应对方式问卷(Coping Style Questionnaire,CSQ)、自尊量表(the Self-Esteem Scale,SES)与自设心理健康状况相关因素问卷进行调查。结果随着教育层次的提高,实习护生SCL-90各项指标的评分呈现下降趋势;中专护生SCL-90各项指标的评分均高于本科护生(P<0.01)。护生的心理健康状况与其自尊水平、健康状况、消极应对方式、学习层次、学习负担、家庭教育方式有关(P<0.05)。结论不同教育层次实习护生的心理健康状况存在差异,需考虑其学习的层次与压力、自尊需要的满足、应对方式等因素,有针对性地进行心理健康教育。

Investigation and analysis on mental health status and relating factors of nursing students during the clinical internship

Objective To explore mental health status and relating major factors of nursing students during the clinical internship.Methods A population-based cross sectional study was conducted.154 nursing students from three educational programmes(diploma,associate degree and bachelor degree) were recruited.The data were collected through questionniares comprising SCL-90(Symptom Checklist 90),CSQ(Coping Style Questionnaire),SES(the Self-Esteem Scale)and the self-designed questionnaire of risk factors related to mental health status.Results The scores of every symptom of SCL-90 had a descending tendency with nursing educational level increasing.The diploma nursing students reported the higher score of each item in SCL-90 than that reported by bachelor degree nursing students(P<0.01).There were correlations between the score of SCL-90 with the level of self-esteem,physical health,negative coping style,the educational level,study burden,and the educational style in their families(P<0.05).Conclusions The mental health status of nursing students from the different educational programmes during the clinical internship were different.The educational level,self-esteem,coping style and study pressures of nursing students should be considered in their psychological education.