企业员工应对效能及相关因素探讨

目的 探讨企业员工应对效能、自我隐瞒以及与抑郁的关系,为促进企业员工保持良好的心理健康提供依据.方法 采用应对效能量表、自我隐瞒问卷和抑郁自评量表对616名企业员工进行调查.结果 （1）应对效能方面,不同性别、职称的企业员工评分差异有统计学意义,女性自信程度分量表得分高于男性（t=1.979,P＜0.05）.高级职称员工的应对效能总分和胜任力评分高于初级职称员工（t分别为4.486,3.130;P＜0.05）.男性员工在应对效能总分、胜任力和自信程度上低于全国常模,女性员工在胜任力上高于全国常模,而在认知水平上低于全国常模,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.（2）自我隐瞒方面,男性员工评分高于女性（t=5.024,P＜0.01）;高中以上文化程度的企业员工评分低于初中以下文化程度（t=4.758,P＜0.01）;初级职称和中级职称的员工评分高于高级职称的员工（F=3.052,P＜0.05）;在年薪方面,＞5万元的员工评分高于＜3万元的员工（F=3.358,P＜0.05）.（3）抑郁检出率为29.4％,情绪正常组的员工在应对效能总分及各分量表分数均高于轻度抑郁组和中度及以上抑郁组（F分别为34.11,15.47,21.37,30.19;P＜0.01）.（4）企业员工自我隐瞒总分与应对效能总分、认知水平和自信程度呈负相关（P＜0.05）.自我隐瞒、职称对应对效能有预测作用,分别可以解释其变异量的2.7％和3.9％.结论 企业员工心理健康不容忽视,提升应对效能可有效提高员工的心理健康.

Coping efficacy and related factors of employees

Objective To study on the relationships among the coping efficacy,self-concealment and depression status of employees.The purpose was to deal with the psychological crisis effectively.Methods Totals of 616 employees were measured with the coping efficacy questionnaire,Self-Concealment Scale （SCS） and the Self Depression Scale（SDS）.Results （1） Employee coping efficacy on the gender,the female confidence subscales score was significantly higher than male （t =1.979,P ＜ 0.05）.Senior title of professional staff in the operational effectiveness of total score,competency was significantly higher than primary title on employees （t =4.486,3.130;P ＜ 0.05）.Compared with national norm,male employees in dealing with the coping efficacy score,competence and confidence level was significantly lower than the national norm,the female employee on the competency was significantly higher than the national norm,and significantly lower than the national norm in cognitive level （P ＜ 0.05）.（2）Self -concealment on the gender,the male score was significantly higher than female （t =5.024,P ＜0.05）.Primary title and intermediate title of employees on the concealed points was significantly higher than senior title of professional staff （F =3.052,P ＜ 0.05）.In terms of salary,salary was higher than 50 thousands Yuan a month staff concealed scores and pay less than 30 thousands Yuan a month employees showed significant differences （F =3.358,P ＜ 0.05）.（3）Detection rate of depression was 29.4 ％,the mood was normal group of employees in the coping efficacy scores were significantly higher than that of mild depression and depression group （F =34.11,15.47,21.37,30.19,respectively; P ＜ 0.01）.（4）Enterprise staffs the relationship between operational effectiveness and concealed：concealed score with operational effectiveness meant,cognitive level and degree of confidence,had negative correlation （P＜ 0.05）.Concealed,title can be used to predict the operational effectiveness,can explain the variance of 2.7％and 3.9 ％ respectively.Conclusions Enterprise staff mental health should not be ignored,the coping efficacy can effectively improve the mental health of employees.