有效预检分诊在汶川地震伤员救治中的作用

目的 探讨有效的预检分诊对汶川地震伤员救治的意义.方法 对绵阳市中心医院在汶川地震灾害发生后5月12日至5月25日灾后2周内大量伤员送入医院.所有伤员按伤情程度分为急危重症、中度、轻伤并分别在手腕上戴红、黄、蓝色标识带(短时间死亡者戴黑色标识带),并以此为基础决定伤员的诊治顺序.对伤员分区落实责任医师和责任护士负责诊治,完成基本检查、清创、换药、皮试后肌注TAT等.诊治过程中对每位伤员建立急诊病历,记录检查处理情况,处理时间,对需行进一步检查的开检查单,病情较急重或需进一步住院治疗者及时与相关科室联系,立即协助完成相关检查并转送入院.结果 2周内共预检分诊伤员2171人,进行急诊清创手术985人,其中1418人患者入院治疗,急诊室死亡13人.死亡病例中9人为复合伤,4人为单纯严重颅脑损伤.结论 在大型灾害的救援中,有效的预检分诊能够区分病情轻重,降低死亡比例,在保障伤员救治顺利进行中至关重要.

The importance of preview and triage in emergence treatment for a large number of earthquake patients: a summary report from 2008 Sichuan Wenchuan Earthquake

Objective Preview and triage is significantly important in treating a large number of the wound-ed patients. Method From 12 May to 25 May, 2008, 2171 wounded patients from Wenchuan Earthquake weretaken to the Central Hospital of Mianyang. According to the injury degree, all the wounded were classified into se-vere, moderate and minor injuries, and wore red, yellow and blue label on the wrists (those who died in a shorting change, intramuscular injection of TAT after skin test. Emergency medical records, including examination re-sults and treatment time, were completed for each wounded. The severe wounded were transferred to the relevantried out in 985 wounded, 1418 wounded hespitalized, 13 died in emergency room within two weeks after earth-quake. Only 9 died of combined injury and 4 died of severe cerebral injury. Conclusions The preview and triagelet the emergence treatment effective for a large number of earthquake patients.