2016~2018 年广东省佛山地区育龄妇女细小病毒B19 的感染情况分析

目的　回顾性分析2016 年1 月~ 2018 年12 月佛山地区育龄妇女细小病毒B19（human parvovirus B19， HPVB19 ）感染情况的变化趋势，为临床诊断和治疗提供依据。方法　采用酶联免疫吸附法对佛山地区9 846 例育龄妇 女进行血清HPVB19 IgM 的检测，并对检测结果进行数据统计学分析。结果　在9 846 例育龄妇女中，血清HPVB19 IgM 的阳性率为7.35%，2016~2018 年的血清IgM 阳性率分别为9.59%，5.24% 和6.76%，三年间的阳性率差异有统计 学意义（χ2=48.61，P<0.01）。通过对2016~2018 年各个季度数据的分析发现:第二和第三季度血清HPVB19 IgM 的阳 性率显著高于第一和第四季度，不同季节之间的阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=16.78，P<0.01)；在不同年龄段之间育龄 期妇女HPVB19 IgM 的阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.52，P=0.28)。结论　佛山地区育龄妇女HPVB19 的感染率较高， 孕前检测应着重HPVB19 的检测。

Analysis of Parvovirus B19 Infection in Women of Childbearing Age in Foshan of Guangdong from 2016 to 2018

Objective　To retrospective investigate the trend of HPVB19 infection in women of childbearing age in Foshan from January 2016 to December 2018, providing a basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods　Serum HPVB19 IgM was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 9 846 women of reproductive age in Foshan, and data were statistically analyzed. Results　Among 9 846 women of childbearing age, the positive rate of serum HPVB19 IgM was 7.35%, and the positive rate of serum IgM in 2016~2018 was 9.59%, 5.24% and 6.76%, respectively. The difference in positive rates between2016~2018 was statistically significant (χ2 = 48.61, P <0.01).Through the analysis of each quarterly data, found that the positive rate of serum HPVB19 IgM in the second and third quarters was significantly higher than that in the first and fourth quarters, and the significant difference was observed between different seasons(χ2=16.78，P <0.01). There was no significant difference in the positive rate of HPVB19 IgM between women of childbearing age groups. Conclusion　The infection rate of HPV B19 in women of childbearing age in Foshan was high. The pre-pregnancy test should focus on the detection of HPV B19.