基于连续性记录与评估工具对养老机构老年人生命质量及影响因素的分析

目的 基于美国连续性记录与评估工具分析养老机构老年人的生命质量及影响因素。方法 5名培训合格的评估员使用连续性记录与评估工具和欧洲五维健康量表,对北京市顺义区某养老机构的239例≥60岁的老年人进行评估。采用中国的量表效用值积分体系计算生命质量效用值,采用多元逐步线性回归模型分析养老机构老年人生命质量健康自评的影响因素。结果 养老机构老年人的生命质量效用值为（0.65±0.25）分,生命质量健康自评为（67.16±19.18）分。认知功能、吞咽功能、工具性日常生活活动能力和排泄功能是养老机构老年人生命质量健康自评的主要影响因素（P<0.05）。结论 养老机构老年人的生命质量总体水平相对较低。建议养老机构重点关注认知功能下降、吞咽功能障碍、工具性日常生活活动能力减退、排泄功能受损的老年人,并及时为老年人提供针对性的功能维持和改善服务,进一步完善养老机构的专业服务供给能力,从而提高养老机构老年人的生命质量。

Quality of Life,Its Influence Factors of the Elderly in Nursing Homes via Chinese Version of Continuity Assessment Record,Evaluation

Objective To explore the quality of life and its influencing factors of the elderly in nursing homes based on the Chinese Version of Continuity Assessment Record and Evaluation.Methods Five trained evaluators assessed 239 elderly people aged ≥60 years in the nursing home in Shunyi District in Beijing with EuroQol Five Dimensions Questionnaire and Continuity Assessment Record and Evaluation. The utility value of life quality was calculated by the Chinese utility value integral system, and multiple stepwise linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of self-rated health.Results Among the elderly in nursing homes, the score of utility value of life quality was 0.65±0.25 and that of self-appraised health was 67.16±19.18. Cognition, swallowing function, instrumental activity of daily living, and excretion were influence factors of self-rated health (P<0.05).Conclusion The overall quality of life of the elderly in nursing homes is relatively low. It is suggested that the elderly with reduced cognitive function, dysphagia, reduced instrumental daily activities function and impaired excretion function should be given special attention. Then it is necessary to timely provide targeted function maintenance and improvement services for the elderly, and further improve the professional service supply capacity of nursing homes, so as to improve the quality of life of the elderly.