口服维生素D辅助治疗对早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征的疗效

目的：研究口服维生素D辅助治疗对早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征（NRDS）的疗效。方法：选取2017年3月至2019年3月嘉兴市第二医院新生儿科收治的发生NRDS的早产儿（胎龄大于28周且小于34周）82例为NRDS组，采用随机数字表法分成2个亚组（亚组1接受常规治疗，亚组2在出生后24 h内予1 000 IU/d维生素D3及常规治疗），选取同期未发生NRDS的早产儿84例为对照组，予常规治疗。比较各组患儿出生时维生素D水平，并对2个亚组患儿NRDS疗效进行比较。结果：NRDS组患儿维生素D水平明显低于对照组（P＜0.05），NRDS亚组2比亚组1患儿治疗第5天有更低的Downes呼吸窘迫评分和PaCO2水平，更短的住院时间以及更低的并发症发生率（P＜0.05）。结论：维生素D在早产儿尤其是NRDS患儿中普遍缺乏，给予1 000 IU/d维生素D3作为NRDS患者的辅助治疗，可显著降低NRDS早产儿的疾病严重程度、用氧时间、住院时间及并发症发生率。

The effectiveness of vitamin D on respiratory distress syndrome of premature infants

Objective: To study the effectiveness of vitamin D on neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). Methods: Totally 82 cases of premature infants (28 weeks < gestational age < 34 weeks) with NRDS from Jiaxing Second Hospital from March 2017 to March 2019 were selected as NRDS group for prospective study, which was further divided randomly as subgroup (routine treatment) and subgroup 2 (routine treatment plus oral vitamin D 1 000 IU/d). Another 84 preterm infants without NRDS in the same period were selected as the control group for routine treatment only. Vitamin D level was compared at birth and its effect on NRDS in two subgroups were evaluated. Results: Vitamin D level in NRDS group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The NRDS group had lower Downes respiratory distress score and PaCO2 level, shorter hospital stay and lower complication rate (P<0.05). Conclusion: Vitamin D is generally deficient in preterm infants, especially in NRDS. 1 000 IU/d vitamin D as an adjuvant treatment can significantly reduce the disease severity, oxygen use time, hospital stay and complications of NRDS in preterm infants.