1990-2016年中国高BMI导致的糖尿病疾病负担研究

目的分析1990-2016年中国高BMI导致的糖尿病疾病负担。方法应用2016年全球疾病负担研究结果,分析1990-2016年中国各省份与高BMI具有病因学联系糖尿病的死亡资料以及疾病负担包括伤残损失寿命年(YLD)、过早死亡损失寿命年(YLL)、伤残调整寿命年(DALY)],以2010-2035年世界平均人口结构为标准,对死亡率进行标化,比较1990和2016年中国高BMI导致糖尿病死亡的变化情况。结果2016年归因于高BMI的糖尿病死亡数为40310例,较1990年的15008例有大幅攀升。归因于高BMI的糖尿病标化死亡率从1990年的2.01/10万增至2016年的2.60/10万。高BMI导致的男性糖尿病患者标化死亡率的增长高于女性,15~49岁组糖尿病患者归因于高BMI的标化死亡率增幅最大。同期高BMI导致的糖尿病DALY从108.91万人年增长至330.02万人年,YLL和YLD也呈现增长趋势。15~49岁人群高BMI导致的糖尿病YLD的增长速度最快。2016年高BMI导致糖尿病死亡数占糖尿病总死亡数的26.01%,较1990年的18.66%增长了39.39%。与1990年相比,2016年中国几乎所有省份高BMI造成的糖尿病DALY均呈大幅增长,内蒙古自治区、新疆维吾尔自治区、浙江省、澳门地区、四川省和青海省DALY率的增长最为明显。结论20余年间中国高BMI导致的糖尿病死亡病例显著增加,高BMI造成的糖尿病死亡率增幅显著。不同省份高BMI导致的糖尿病疾病负担差异很大。不同年龄段、不同性别归因于高BMI的糖尿病疾病负担的变化情况不同。作为糖尿病防治相对空白的人群,男性和15~49岁糖尿病患者的健康需求应给予足够的重视和卫生资源分配的倾斜。

Disease burden of diabetes attributable to high body mass index in China,1990-2016

Objective To analyze the burden of disease (BOD) on diabetes attributable to high BMI in China from 1990 to 2016. Methods Data based on population of the 2016 Global Burden of Disease Study for China were used to analyze the attributable fractions (PAF) of BOD for diabetes attributable to high BMI. Measurements for attributable BOD of diabetes included disability adjusted life years (DALY), years of lost life (YLL), years living with disability (YLD), death number and mortality rate. The average world population from 2010 to 2035 was used as a reference. Results In 2016, death number of diabetes attributable to high BMI was 40 310, which was significantly higher than that in 1990 (15 008). Age-standardized death rate of diabetes attributable to high BMI increased from 2.01/100 000 in 1990 to 2.60/100 000 in 2016, which showed a more significant increasing trend in both males and people aged 15-49 years. DALYs of diabetes attributable to high BMI increased from 1.09 million person years to 3.30 million person years. YLL and YLD also showed increasing trends. The highest increasing rate of YLD was in people aged 15-49 years. High BMI was responsible for 26.01% of the diabetes deaths in 2016 in China, an increase of 39.39% compared with that in 1990 (18.66%). Most provinces in China experienced a sharp increase of DALY of diabetes attributable to high BMI from 1990 to 2016. Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Zhejiang, Macao SAR, Sichuan and Qinghai had the most significant increase tendency in terms of DALY rate during this period. Conclusions There was a rapid increase of the deaths and mortality rate of diabetes attributable to high BMI, causing a heavy disease burden, in China from 1990 to 2016. The BOD varied in both different age and gender groups. More attention should be paid to males and people aged 15-49 years in the prevention and control programs of diabetes.