湖南省首次诊断2例非输入性HIV-2感染病例与流行病学个案调查

目的 对湖南省首次发现的2例本地HIV-2感染病例进行诊断与流行病学个案调查。方法 2017年3-11月在湖南省长沙市对2例免疫印迹法检测为"HIV抗体不确定"并有HIV-2特异性条带的疑似感染病例,采集血样开展HIV血清学检测、核酸检测和基因测序,并进行流行病学个案调查。结果 2例病例的HIV-1和HIV-2（HIV 1+2）抗体确证试剂盒结果均为"HIV-2抗体阳性"。对HIV-2 gag区扩增测序并用基本局部匹配查询工具（basic local alignment search tool,BLAST）比对,发现与已报道的HIV-2毒株相似度达到98%,表明其体内存在HIV-2特异性片段。2例均为HIV-2感染。流行病学调查结果显示2例病例彼此有密切性接触,无国外性接触史,感染源头不明。结论 国内未见HIV-2非输入性感染病例报告,该疫情的首次出现将会对我国艾滋病的预防、诊断和治疗提出严峻的挑战。

Diagnostic and epidemiological features of the first two HIV-2 indigenous infections in Hunan province

Objective To study the diagnostic and epidemiological features of the first two HIV-2 indigenous cases in Hunan province. Methods Blood samples from two individuals with "HIV antibody indeterminate" and HIV-2 specific band showed by HIV-1/2 western blotting method,were repeatedly collected and detected under HIV 1+2 strip immunoassay and PCR, in Changsha city, Hunan province, through March to November, 2017. An epidemiological survey was carried out at the same time. Results Our findings showed that the two cases were sex partners, without histories of sexual contact with foreigners and the source of infection was unknown. Results from the HIV 1+2 antibody confirmation test showed that they were "HIV-2 antibody positive". Through amplifying and sequencing the gag area of HIV-2 and BLAST, the similarity of HIV-2 strains presented as 98%. The results also showed that there were HIV-2 specific fragments in the two cases. Conclusion HIV-2 indigenous cases had never been reported in China. These cases had brought new challenge on prevention, diagnosis and treatment of HIV/AIDS in China.