2004年聊城市不同级别单位放射工作人员染色体畸变情况调查

目的]为了保护放射工作人员健康与安全,减少放射工作职业危害,检测放射工作人员淋巴细胞染色体畸变率,并探讨其影响因素。方法]按标准检测放射工作人员和对照组的染色体畸变率,并按放射工龄、放射工种、5年累计吸收剂量等分组统计比较染色体畸变率。结果]从事所有专业工种的放射工作人员染色体畸变率（0.095%）与对照组（0.021%）相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,部分放射工种如放射治疗组（0.154%）、核医学组（0.156%）和工业X线探伤组（0.182%）工作人员染色体畸变率明显高于其它放射组（0.079%）。基层医院放射工作者染色体畸变率（0.421%）明显高于上级医院（0.083%）。结论]从事放射工作受到的职业危害仍然存在,部分特殊工作岗位和基层医院的放射工作人员受到的职业危害更大,应进一步加强这些岗位的放射防护工作。

Investigation on the Rate of Chromosomal Aberrations of the Workers in Radiology Department in Liaocheng City in 2004

Objective]To detect the rate of chromosomal aberration of lymphocytes for workers in radiology departments and explore their affected factors,protect the health and safety of the workers in radiology departments and reduce the occupational hazard.Methods]The rate of chromosomal aberration of the workers in radiation group and control group was detected based on standard method.The workers was divided into groups according to the length of radiation service,type of radiation work and absorbed dose in five years in order to compare the rate of chromosomal aberration.Results]There was difference of the chromosomal aberration rate in the group of workers in radiology departments(0.095%)and in control group(0.021%)(P<0.01).The rate was higher in the group of radiation treatment(0.154%),nuclear medicine group(0.156%) and X-ray detection group(0.182%) than that in control group.The rate of chromosomal aberration in the workers working in grass root hospitals(0.421%) was higher than those working in upper level hospitals(0.083%).Conclusion]There was occupational hazard in radiology departments.The occupational hazard to the workers in special posts and the workers working in grass root hospitals was severe so radioprotection must be strengthened.