中老年心脑血管事件患者危险因素的探讨

目的:评估中、老年人心脑血管危险因素与心脑血管事件发生的关系。方法:采取病例配对的方法,对98例首次发生心脑血管事件患者进行心血管危险因素分析,对照组随机选择同期因呼吸、消化疾病住院的中老年患者。以心脑血管事件为因变量,以各种危险因素为自变量,进行logistic逐步回归分析,并对事件组患者进行危险因素的回顾性探讨。结果:事件组收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、脉压(PP)、静息心率(RHR)、血糖(GLU)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)均高于对照组,STT异常、左室肥厚(LVH)发生率较高。logistic回归分析表明:LVH、TG、TC、PP、RHR、STT异常与心脑血管事件呈正相关,有显著统计学意义。结论:高血压、高血脂、静息心率增快、STT异常、左室肥厚等心血管危险因素与心脑血管事件的发生密切相关,随着年龄增高,单纯收缩期高血压、脉压升高是心脑血管事件的最常见危险因素。

Investigation on the Risk Factors in Middle and Old Aged Patients With Cardiovascular or Cerebrovascular Events

Objective: To explore the association between occurrence of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF). Methods: CVRF of 98 patients (aged 49~80 years, average 69 years ) with recent cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events for the first time were analyzed, and a group of 98 patients with respiratory or digestive diseases was taken as control group. Results: SBP, DBP, PP, RHR, GLU, TC, TG of the events group were higher than that of the control group, and the incidence rates of ST-T abnormality, cardiac emlargement, LVH were higher as well. In logistic regression models: A significant positive correlation was found between LVH, TG, TC, PP, RHR, ST-T abnormality and cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events. Retrospective analysis of events group suggested that with the development of the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, SBP rised significantly (P< 0.05), while no significant change in DBP (P> 0.05), significant higher in PP and RHR (P< 0.01), the incidence of diabetes mellitus, ST-T abnormality, cardiac enlargement, LVH were also higher. Conclusion: There is close relationship between CVRF, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, increase of RHR, ST-T abnormality, LVH, and occurrence of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events. Isolated systolic hypertension and increase of PP are most usual risk factors in cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events.