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Imaging immune surveillance by T cells and NK cells
Authors:Fiona E. McCann  Klaus Suhling  Leo M. Carlin  Konstantina Eleme  Sabrina B. Taner  Kumiko Yanagi  Bruno Vanherberghen  Paul M. W. French   Daniel M. Davis
Affiliation:1Department of Biological Sciences, Sir Alexander Fleming Building,;2Department of Physics, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, UK
Abstract:
Summary: As T cells and natural killer (NK) cells survey the surface of other cells, cognate receptors and ligands are commonly organized into distinct micrometer‐scale domains at the intercellular contact, creating an immune or immunological synapse (IS). We aim to address the still unanswered questions of how this organization of proteins aids immune surveillance and how these domains are biophysically constructed. Molecular mechanisms for the formation of the IS include a role for the cytoskeleton, segregation of proteins according to the size of their extracellular domains, and association of proteins with lipid rafts. Towards understanding the function of the IS, it is instructive to compare and contrast the supramolecular organization of proteins at the inhibitory and activating NK cell IS with that at the activating T cell IS. Finally, it is essential to develop new technologies for probing molecular recognition at cell surfaces. Imaging parameters other than fluorescence intensity, such as the lifetime of the fluorophore's excited state, could be used to report on protein environments.
Keywords:
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