苦瓜叶的化学成分研究

目的研究苦瓜Momordica charantia叶的化学成分。方法采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20等多种柱色谱方法进行分离纯化,通过理化常数和波谱分析鉴定化合物的结构。结果从苦瓜叶95%乙醇提取物中分离得到11个化合物,分别鉴定为(19S,23E)-5β,19-epoxy-19-methoxycucurbita-6,23-diene-3β,25-diol(1)、(19R,23E)-5β,19-epoxy-19-methoxycucurbita-6,23-diene-3β,25-diol(2)、3β,7β,25-trihydroxycucurbita-5,23-dien-19-al(3)、3β,7β,25-trihydroxycucurbita-5,23-dien-19-al-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(4)、苦瓜素Ⅰ(5)、苦瓜素Ⅳ(6)、大豆脑苷Ⅰ(7)、α-菠甾醇(8)、α-香树素乙酸酯(9)、β-谷甾醇(10)和胡萝卜苷(11)。结论化合物1、3、8～11为首次从该植物中分离得到。

Chemical constituents from leaves of Momordica charantia

Objective To study the chemical constituents from the leaves of Momordica charantia.Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel,ODS,Sephadex LH-20,and preparative HPLC.Their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.Results Eleven compounds were isolated from 95% ethanol extract of M.charantia and elucidated as(19S,23E)-5β,19-epoxy-19-methoxycucurbita-6,23-diene-3β,25-diol(1),(19R,23E)-5β,19-epoxy19-methoxycucurbita-6,23-diene-3β,25-diol(2),3β,7β,25-trihydroxycucurbita-5,23-dien-19-al(3),3β,7β,25-trihydroxycucurbita-5,23-dien-19-al-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(4),momordicin Ⅰ(5),momordicin Ⅳ(6),soya-cerebroside Ⅰ(7),α-spinasterol(8),α-amyrin acetate(9),β-sitosterol(10),and daucosterol(11),respectively.Conclusion Compounds 1,3,and 8—11 are isolated from M.charantia for the first time.