哈尔滨市基层疾控机构卫生应急能力现状分析

目的 了解黑龙江省哈尔滨市基层疾病预防控制机构(简称疾控机构)卫生应急能力现状,进行缺陷诊断并提出解决办法。方法 采用横断面的调查方法,对哈尔滨市18个县级疾控机构卫生应急能力现状进行调查。结果 83.33%的机构设置了独立的应急办,100%的机构制定了突发公共卫生事件应急预案/文件/手册,专业技术人员占工作人员总数的76.02%,具有现场流行病学调查能力的人员占39.79%,66.67%的机构有应急专家库,突发公共卫生事件网络直报率为96.54%,83.33%的机构能够及时更新过期应急物资并给予相应处理,应急专项经费配备比例为16.67%,16种常见致病源中所有机构均不具备霍乱、乙脑、流感3种致病源的检测能力。结论 哈尔滨市卫生应急能力现状不容乐观,突出表现在人力资源结构不合理,应急机制不完善,培训演练效果不显著,实验室对疫情处理支持率低。

Public health emergency response capacity of grassroots CDCs in Harbin city

Objective To analyze the status of public health emergency response capacity of centers for disease control and prevention(CDCs) at grassroots level in Harbin city for the improvement of the capacity.Methods With cross-sectional study design,18 CDCs were involved in the surevy.Results Emergency response office was set up in 83.33% of the CDCs and all CDCs compliled emergency response plan/file/manual.For the CDCs surveyed,professional and technical personnel accounted for 76.02% of the total number of staff and 39.79% of the staff were capable of conducting field epidemiological investigation,66.67% had emergency backup experts,96.54% had the network for public health emergency report,and 83.33% could supplement emergency supplies in time with appropriate management.But only 16.67% of the CDCs had special funds for emergency response and all the CDCs could not perform pathogenic detection for cholera,Japanese encephalitis,and influenza,which belong to 16 common pathogens.Conclusion The general status of public health emergency response capacity in Harbin city was not good enough,with the most prominent issues of irrational structure of health human resource,unreasonable public health emergency response mechanisms,inefficient training and drilling,and inadequate laboratory testing ability.