银杏内酯的提取分离及药理作用研究

目的通过有机溶剂溶解和柱层析技术,从银杏提取物中分离纯化银杏内酯。观察和比较银杏叶提取物（CBE）对不同年龄大鼠动脉环的舒张作用。方法3种银杏内酯（银杏内酯A、B、C）具有不同的选择溶解性的特点,故通过丙酮,乙酸乙酯与乙醇三级溶解银杏提取物,每一级溶解液匹配合适的柱层析吸附剂与洗脱液,从而达到分离纯化银杏内酯的目的。采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）检测,对所得银杏内酯A,B,C进行测定。4-24周SD大鼠的胸主动脉环被固定在组织浴槽内,先给予去甲肾上腺素预收缩,稳定后给予各浓度的试验药物,观察其对动脉环舒张作用。结果①有机溶荆溶解和柱层析吸附技术可将银杏内酯的纯度由〈6％提高至〉80％,并可将它们逐一分离;②GBE对不同年龄大鼠去甲肾上腺素预收缩的腹主动脉环均有舒张作用,并具有刺量-效应关系。对4-24周大鼠舒张效应,CBE从（1.02＋0.21）％（0.01mg／ml）上升到（27.62±3.62）％（1mg／ml）;③随着大鼠年龄的增长GBE对胸主动脉环的舒张效应逐渐降低。对4-24周大鼠舒张效应,1mg／ml GBE从（27.62±3.62）％降到（14.79±3.67）％,P〈0.05。结论利用有机溶剂溶解和柱层析吸附技术从银杏提取物中分离纯化银杏内酯是一种廉价高效的方法,值得推广。GBE对血管的舒张作用具有类似的年龄相关的改变。

Study on the technology for isolation and pharmacologic actions of ginkgolidcs

Objective Use organic solvents solution and column chromatography technology to extraction and isolation of ginkgolidcs. To observe and compare relaxation effect of Ginkgo biloba extract（GEB） on thoracic aorta ring of different age rat. Methods Use the character that different selective solubleness of four ginkgolidcs in different solvent organic solvents, EGB was dissolved by acetone, ethyl acetate and ethyl alcohol in tura and then dealed them with column chromatography, GA, GB and GC valuable in medicine could he got. The HPLC method with Evaporative Light Scattering Detector （EI.SD） was used to determine the contentofginkgolideA, B and C. SD rats from 4 to 24 weeks old were used, and the isolated thoracic aorta ring strips were fixed in Krebs-Henseleit solution. After norepinephrine （NE） was given to produce stabile contraction, then drugs of different concentration were given to observe its role in diastolic arterial ring. Results①Our method can raise the extraction concen-trations of ginkgelidcs from less than 6% to over 80% and they could be separated one by one.②GBE concentration-dependently relaxed NE-ioduced vasoconstriction in all aged rats. In 4 to 24-week-old rats, GBE increased from （1.02±0.21）% （0.01mg/ ml） to （27.62±3.62）%（1mg/ml）.③vasorelaxation effect of GBE generally decreased in accordance with aging, and bilob-alide caused higher age-dependent attenuation, From 4 to 24-week-old rats, GBE at 1mg/ml decreased from（27.62±3.62）% to （14.79±3.67）% （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The method of organic solvents solution and column chromatography technology to extraction and isolation of ginkgolidcs is a low price and high-performance method, it is worthy of spread in industry. GBE possess a characteristic for age-related modification.