骨髓基质干细胞的标记示踪技术及其应用

骨髓基质干细胞因具有不断自我更新和向多种细胞分化的能力而备受关注。通过干细胞移植并诱导其向各种受损组织细胞分化,可促进神经组织的再生和修复,为神经系统终末细胞坏死性疾病的治疗带来新思路。目前骨髓基质干细胞移植治疗疾病已在动物模型中取得初步成效。为更深入认识移植细胞实现其修复功能的机制,需要有效的标记方法追踪移植细胞在受主体内的分布、迁移、增殖和分化情况。Brdu,荧光染料(DAPI、PKH26、Dil、hochst33342,CFSE等),荧光蛋白,Y染色体,胶体金,磁性标记,放射性同位素等标记方法是近年来常用的干细胞标记技术,它们将离体或在体干细胞的胞核、胞膜甚至基因组作为标记靶点,在获得高标记效率的同时结合特异的检测手段,实现干细胞的体内示踪。本文对常用干细胞标记的原理、优缺点及应用范围等方面做简要介绍。

Labeling Techniques of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are well known for their self-renew and multi-differentiationpotentiality. With the transplantation of the MSCs, several central nervous system diseases (stroke, dementia, etc) arehopeful to be treated effectively. To trace the distribution, migration, proliferation and differentiation of theimplanted MSCs, there need effective labeling techniques. In this paper, the mechanisms, advantages andapplications of different labeling techniques for stem cells developed in recent years are introduced.