输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石术治疗输尿管结石168例

目的探讨输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石术治疗输尿管结石的疗效。方法应用输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石术治疗输尿管结石168例。男117例,女51例,年龄19～65岁,平均41岁。输尿管上段结石14例,中段61例,下段93例。结石直径0.6～2.4cm,平均0.8cm。结果168例输尿管结石中,一次性碎石成功159例,占94.6%。碎石失败9例,占5.4%,其中5例输尿管上段结石移位至肾盂,留置双J管后行体外冲击波碎石（ESWL）治愈,另外3例进镜失败患者和1例输尿管穿孔患者均立即改行开放手术治愈。结论输尿管镜下气压弹道碎石术治疗输尿管结石具有微创、安全、效果好等优点,可作为输尿管中、下段结石的首选治疗方法。

Transureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy in the treatment of ureteral calculi

Objective To investigate the effects of transureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy in the treatment of ureteral calculi.Methods 168 cases(117 men,51 women,age range 19~65 years,mean age 41 years)of ureteral calculi were treated with ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy.Of them,14 patients had calculi in the proximal part of the ureter,61 in the middle part,93 in the distal part.The size of the stones ranged from 0.6 cm to 2.4 cm in diameter.Results 168 cases of ureteral stones were treated by ureteroscopic lithotripsy,of which 94.6%(159/168)were fragmented on the first treatment session and 5.4%(9/168)were unsuccessful.The proximal ureteral calculi were moved to renal pelvic and cured by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy(ESWL)after the double-J ureteral stunt was placed in 5 cases.Open surgery was the choice after the ureteral perforation in 1 cases and the failure of inserting the ureteroscope in 3 cases.Conclusion Treatment of ureteral calculi by transureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy has been less invasive,safe and effective,and should be the first choice to the patients with middle and low ureteral stones.