中山市红木家私厂工人变态反应性疾病流行病学分析

目的：了解中山市红木家私厂工人变态反应性疾病的流行病学特征,为制定有针对性的管理策略提供科学依据。方法：抽样选取本市22家红木家私厂1860名油漆车间工人,油漆车间上风区的其他车间930名工人和新入其他工厂的18岁以上农村务工人员930名作研究对象,进行变态反应性疾病患病的调查和检查。结果：在油漆车间1860名一线工人中,检出患有变态反应性疾病者483例,占25.96%;上风区车间工人930名,检出变态反应性疾病者140例,占15.05%;其他务工人员930名,检出变态反应性疾病者32例,占3.44%。红木家私厂工人变态反应性疾病患病率明显高于其他务工人员（P〈0.05）;工人所患的变态反应性疾病中排在前3位的是哮喘、皮肤病和咽喉炎。随着红木家私厂工人的日工作时间的增长,其变态反应疾病的患病率也逐渐上升,日工作12 h以上工人的患病率最高,油漆车间和车间上风区工人的患病率分别是55.75%和32.0%。结论：中山市红木家私厂工人变态反应性疾病患病情况较重,应该加强油漆作业工人的个人防护工作,并开展有效的健康教育工作。

Study on Epidemiology Characteristic of Allergic Disease of Workers in Mahogany Furniture Factory in Zhongshan City

Objective：To explore the allergic disease＇s epidemiology characteristic of mahogany furniture factory in Zhongshan city.Method：1860 painting workers in mahogany furniture factory,930 workers of non-paint workshop,and 930 new workers who came from rural areas were investigated.Three groups carried on the allergic disease investigation and analysis.Result：There were 483（25.96%）,14（15.05%） and 32（3.44%） allergy disease patients were found in the painting workers,workers of non-paint workshop,and new workers respectively.The rate of workers came form mahogany furniture factory were higher than new workers who came from rural areas.Asthma,skin diseases and sore throat were the main allergic diseases in the painting workers.The prevalence of allergic diseases gradually increased with the increasing of the working time per day,statistics analysis had the significance difference（P〈0.05）.The prevalence were 55.75% and 32.0% in the painting workers and non-paint workshop workers in the mahogany furniture factory who worked over 12 hours every day.Conclusion：The workers in Mahogany furniture factory have high prevalence of allergic diseases.Protection of the paint job workers should be strengthen,and effective health promotion about occupational diseases should be taken for the mahogany furniture factory workers.