骨基质明胶颗粒/骨水泥复合材料固定人工关节假体的实验研究

[目的]探讨骨基质明胶颗粒(BMG)复合骨水泥(PMMA)用于人工关节假体固定的可行性.[方法]制备成年新西兰白兔股骨中上段15 mm骨缺损,于髓腔内置入直径3 mm的钛棒并以骨水泥或BMG/PMMA复合材料固定,模拟人工股骨头置换术之动物模型,分别进行术后步态、X线检查、生物力学、组织学检查观察.[结果]术后第2d～12周两组动物均可正常行走；术后24h力学检测示两种固定方法无显著性差异；随着时间的延长,骨缺损无短缩；X线及组织学检查示复合材料组钛棒周围有成骨现象,扫描电镜见复合材料内有骨长入.[结论]BMG颗粒/PMMA复合材料固定假体时显示出可靠的力学性能及诱导成骨能力,将可能使其成为一种新的假体固定方法.

A study on artificial joint prosthesis fixation with the compound of bone matrix gelatin particles and polymethyl methacrylate bone cement

[Objective]To explore the possibility of joint prosthesis fixation with the compound of bone matrix gelatin(BMG) particle and polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) bone cement.[Method]The animal model of artificial femoral head replacement was prepared in adult New Zealand rabbits with 15 mm proximal-middle femoral bone defects implanted by tatinium sticks in diameter fixed intramedullarily by the compound of bone cement.The compared results of the two methods was bilaterally observed with post-operative gait,X-ray,biomechanical and histological examination.[Result]The normal walking happened in the two groups from the second day to the twelth week after operation.There was no significant difference in the biomechanics between the two kinds of fixation.The shortening of the bone defects did not appear with the time extending.The osteoinductive phenomenon was found around the tatinium stick in the compound material where new bone grew in,while no new bone formed in the PMMA group according to the X-ray and histological examination(including scanning electron microscopy).[Conclusion]The compound would be a new method of joint prosthesis fixation for the ability in reliable mechanics and osteoinduction.