基于国内外不同标准的苏州市6~17岁儿童青少年营养状况的比较

目的 比较最新颁布的儿童青少年消瘦超重肥胖国家标准与WHO及国际标准,描述苏州市6~17岁儿童青少年营养状况。 方法 选取苏州市7 340名6~17岁儿童青少年,男性3 821名,女性3 519名,测量其身高、体重,计算体质指数。分别采用WHO标准、国际标准、中国标准进行评价。 结果 依据WHO标准、国际标准、中国标准,消瘦检出率分别为2.3%,8.4%,5.2%(两两比较均P<0.05);超重检出率分别为20.0%,19.6%,17.4%(中国标准低于WHO和国际标准,P<0.05);肥胖检出率分别为11.5%,6.7%,14.1%(两两比较均P<0.05)。与此同时,不同年龄、性别分组,基于不同标准的营养状况差异不同。WHO和国际标准一致性(Kappa=0.705)、中国和国际标准一致性(Kappa=0.692)低于WHO和中国标准对不同营养状况检出率的一致性(Kappa=0.811)。 结论 儿童营养健康(消瘦、超重、肥胖)成为苏州的重要公共卫生问题。中国标准与WHO及国际标准检出情况存在一定差异,应谨慎使用。

Comparison of nutritional status among children and adolescents aged 6-17 years in Suzhou city based on different criteria at home and abroad

Objective To compare the newly-issued national criterion of thinness,overweight and obesity of children and adolescents with the criteria of World Health Organization(WHO)and International Obesity Task Force(IOTF)and to describe the nutritional status of children and adolescents aged 6-17 years in Suzhou city.Methods A total of 7,340 children and adolescents aged 6-17 years,including 3,821 males and 3,519 females were selected in Suzhou city.Their height and body weight were measured,and then the body mass index was calculated.An evaluation was conducted using the WHO,IOTF and Chinese criteria.Results According to the WHO,IOTF and Chinese criteria,the prevalence rates of thinness were 2.3%,8.4%and 5.2%,respectively(all P<0.05 in pairwise comparison);the prevalence rates of overweight were 20.0%,19.6%and 17.4%,respectively(the rate evaluated by the Chinese criterion was lower than those evaluated by the WHO and IOTF criteria,P<0.05),and the prevalence rates of obesity were 11.5%,6.7%and 14.1%,respectively(all P<0.05 in pairwise comparison).Meanwhile,the nutritional status evaluated based on the different criteria varied among different gender and age groups.Kappa consistency test showed that the Kappa value of the WHO and Chinese criteria(Kappa=0.811)for evaluating the prevalence rates of different nutritional status was higher than those of the WHO and IOTF criteria(Kappa=0.705)and the Chinese and IOTF criteria(Kappa=0.692).Conclusions Children’s nutritional health(including thinness,overweight and obesity)has become an important public health problem in Suzhou city.There exist some differences between the nutritional status evaluated by the Chinese criterion and that evaluated by the WHO and IOTF criteria;and hence,these criteria should be used cautiously.