胎脑组织移植对额叶皮质损伤后基底前脑胆碱能神经元变性的影响

目的：观察胎脑组织移植对额叶皮质损伤后大鼠基底前脑胆碱能神经元变性的影响。方法：用外科手术破坏大鼠双侧额叶皮质8d后，将胎脑组织移植到预制脑创腔内。3个月后，用Y型迷宫检测动物的学习、记忆机能，用组织化学方法检测基底前脑含乙酰胆碱脂酶（AChE)活性神经元，并与对照组比较。结果：双侧额叶皮质损伤后动物的学习、记忆能力明显下降，基底前脑胆碱能神经元明显减少，与正常组比较，差异有显著性（P＜0．05）和差异有极显著性（P＜0．01）。胎脑组织移植后3个月，双侧额叶皮质受损动物的学习、记忆机能明显改善，基底前脑胆碱能神经元数量明显增加，与对照组比较，差异有性（P＜0．05）。结论：胎脑组织移植可有效地预防双侧额叶皮质受损大鼠的学习、记忆机能的下降和基底前脑胆碱能神经元数量的减少。

Effect of transplanted embryonic brain tissue on retrograde degeneration of cholinergic neurons of basal forebrain in rats with bilateral frontal cortexes injuries

Objective To observe the effect of transplanted fetal brain tissue on the retrograde degeneration of cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrains induced by the bilateral frontal cortexes in the rats. Methods The embryonic brain tissue was transplanted into the traumatic cavities in the bilateral frontal cortexes 8 days after making the cavities by surgical operation. The learning and memory ability of discrimination performance was determined in a Y-maze 3 months following the transplantation. The histochemical method was used to demonstrate AChE-containing neurons in the basal forebrain. Results The significant decreases (P< 0.01) in the learning and memory ability, and the number of AChE-rich neurons in the basal forebrain were observed in the rats with bilateral frontal cortexes injures as compared with those in the normal animals. The significant increases (P< 0.05) in the learning and memory ability, and the number of AChE-rich neurons of the basal forebrain in the rats receiving transplantation of fetal brain tissue were observed as compared with those in the control animals. Conclusion The transplantation of fetal brain tissue can significantly prevent the disturbance of learning and memory functions and the decrease of the number of AChE-rich neurons of basal forebrain in the rats with bilateral frontal injuries.