上海市中小学生学习日户外活动状况

目的了解上海市中小学生户外活动情况,为促进学校健康教育工作提供参考。方法选取上海市3个区10所监测点小学三～五年级及初中预初～初三年级10 151名学生为研究对象,采用自填问卷方法调查学生学习日课间、午间、体育活动课及放学后户外活动情况。结果课间、午间、体育活动课、周一至周四及周五放学后学生自报户外活动的参加率分别为43.0%,33.5%,75.0%,42.5%和56.1%。初三学生自报户外活动率最低。男生自报户外活动的参加率高于女生,尤以初三最明显。学生自报教师占用户外活动时间的现象较普遍,教师课间拖堂、午休时间上课及让做作业和体育活动课占课的报告率分别为42.3%,29.4%,45.2%和29.1%;中学生较小学生更常见。学生自报教师督导户外活动普遍偏低,课间不允许到走廊及教学楼外玩的报告率分别为16.1%和40.1%,小学生比中学生常见。结论上海市中小学生户外活动情况不容乐观,需要加强教育和管理。

Survey on outdoor activities among primary and middle school students in Shanghai

Objective To understand the outdoor activities of primary and middle school students and to provide scientific bases for health education.Methods Based on filling,questionnaire survey was carried out among 10 151 students who were chosen from three regions in Shanghai and came from third to fifth grade of primary school and sixth to ninth grade of middle school by using the self-designed "Primary and Middle School Students’ Outdoor Activities Questionnaire".Results The ratios of students who participated in outdoor activities recess periods,lunch break,physical activity,after school on Monday to Thursday and Friday were 43.0%,33.5%,75.0%,42.5% and 56.1%.The lowest ratio of participation of the grades was Junior Three.The proportion of boys taking part in outdoor activities was higher than girls’ especially the junior three.The phenomenon that teachers occupied students’ spare time was common: the percentages of teachers giving lessons during recess periods,lunch break and physical activity and making students do homework during lunch break were 42.3%,29.4%,29.1% and 45.2%;it was more common in middle school than in primary school.The phenomenon that teachers urge students of outdoor activities was rare: the ratios of teachers prohibiting going corridor or outdoor were 16.1% and 40.1%,which was worse in primary school than in middle school.Conclusion The outdoor activities of primary and middle school students in Shanghai are unsatisfactory,which needs more attention.