上海市长宁区小学生体质量超标肥胖现况和影响因素分析

目的了解上海市长宁区小学生体质量超标、肥胖状况及其影响因素,为采取有效干预措施提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,从长宁区28所小学中抽取3所,被选中学校所有学生作为体格检查对象,描述小学生体质量超标肥胖现况。对250名体质量超标/肥胖学生和300名体质量正常学生进行病例对照研究,运用logistic回归分析长宁区小学生体质量超标、肥胖的影响因素。结果男生体质量超标检出率和肥胖检出率分别为19.80%和18.63%,女生体质量超标检出率和肥胖检出率分别为11.67%和8.91%。男生的体质量超标/肥胖检出率高于女生且差异有统计学意义(χ2=50.931,P<0.01)。双亲之一肥胖、进食速度快或一般、经常吃油炸食品、每天在家学习时间>2 h可能是体质量超标、肥胖的危险因素,愿意参加运动、每天睡眠时间为8~10 h可能是体质量超标、肥胖的保护因素。结论长宁区小学生体质量超标、肥胖检出率较高,且受多种因素影响,有必要加强对小学生体质量超标/肥胖的干预。

Status of obesity and its influencing factors among pupils in Changning District,Shanghai

Objective To understand the status and influencing factors of overweight and obesity among pupils in Changning District of Shanghai so as to provide the evidence for effective interventions. Methods A total of 1 338 pupils as physical subjects in 3 primary schools were randomly selected by using the stratified cluster sampling method.The status of overweight and obesity among the pupils were described.A case-control analysis was conducted on 250 overweight or obese pupils and 300 normal weight pupils.The logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the influencing factors of overweight and obesity among the pupils. Results The rates of overweight and obesity for boys were 19.80% and 18.63% respectively,while those of girls were 11.67% and 8.91% respectively.The prevalence of overweight and obesity for boys was higher than that of girls(χ2=50.931,P<0.001).The obesity status of father or mother,eating fast or general,higher frequency of eating fried foods,and learning times more than 2 hours at home every day might be risk factors of overweight and obesity.Willing of participating exercises and sleeping time between 8 to 10 hours every day were perhaps protective factors of overweight and obesity. Conclusions The prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary school students in Changning District is very high,which is determined by many factors.So more efforts are needed to intervene to overweight and obesity among pupils.