2013年徐州市成年居民超重与肥胖状况及影响因素分析

目的 了解徐州市成人超重和肥胖的流行特征和影响因素,为制定卫生政策和干预措施提供科学依据.方法 首先采用分层多阶段随机整群抽样方法抽取研究对象,然后通过入户面对面询问调查的方法对研究对象的一般情况,如年龄、性别、民族、婚姻状况、教育、职业、经济水平和家族史、吸烟、饮酒、体力活动等情况进行调查.结果 本次共调查18岁及以上居民39445人,超重和肥胖率分别为34.60％和9.40％,标准化率分别为32.97％和8.67％,男性超重率和肥胖率分别为36.73％和8.62％,女性超重率和肥胖率分别为32.61％和10.13％.超重率、肥胖率均随着年龄的增高而升高,超重率55岁（18岁～组16.31％;25岁～组27.38％;35岁～组37.28％;45岁～组41.55％;55岁～组40.71％;65岁～组37.64％;75岁～组32.08％）以后有所下降,肥胖率75岁（18岁～组2.49％; 25岁～组6.41％;35岁～组9.64％;45岁～组11.24％;55岁～组12.07％;65岁～组12.45％;75岁～组8.88％）以后有所下降,差异均有统计学意义（不同年龄超重率x2=1 097.602,P＜0.01;不同年龄肥胖率x2=447.864,P＜0.01）.不同职业（x2=191.28,120.38）、不同文化程度（x2=178.41,243.59）、不同婚姻状况（x2=431.67,118.43）,超重率和肥胖率差异均有统计学意义（P均＜0.01）.多因素Logistic回归分析显示,女性、每天吃蔬菜量大和吸烟是超重或肥胖的保护性因素,中老年人、饮酒和饭量大是超重或肥胖的危险性因素.结论 徐州的超重与肥胖患病形势严峻,已经成为一个重要的公共卫生问题,必须采取有效的措施,针对中老年人、男性、饭量大及饮酒等高危人群进行综合防治,倡导平衡膳食,加大蔬菜的摄人量以预防超重和肥胖的发生.

Prevalence and influencing factors of overweight and obesity of adult residents in Xuzhou City of Jiangsu Province, 2013

Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of overweight and obesity in adult residents in Xuzhou City of Jiangsu Province,so as to provide scientific basis for health policies and intervention strategies.Methods A total of 39 445 participants were recruited by multi-stage random cluster sampling method,and health data were obtained through questionnaires and physical examinations.Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 34.60％ and 9.40％,respectively; and the standardized prevalence was 32.97％ and 8.67％.The prevalence of overweight or obesity in males was 36.73％ and 8.62％,in females 32.61％ and 10.13％.The prevalence of overweight or obesity was increased with age,although the prevalence of overweight was decreased after 55 years of age （18-：16.31％; 25-：27.38％; 35-：37.28％; 45-：41.55％; 55-：40.71％; 65-：37.64％; 75-：32.08％） and the prevalence of obesity was decreased after 75 years of age （18-：2.49％; 25-：6.41％; 35-：9.64％; 45-：11.24％; 55-：12.07％; 65-：12.45％; 75-：8.88％）.There were significant difference of the prevalence of overweight/obesity by educational level （x2=178.41,P＜0.01; x2=243.59,P＜0.01）,profession （x2=191.28,P＜0.01; x2=120.38,P＜0.01） and marital status （x2=431.67,P＜0.01; x2=118.43,P＜0.01）.In Logistic regression,female,vegetable over-intake every day and current cigarette smoking were protective factors of overweight/obesity,while middle and old-age,alcohol drinking and big appetite were risk factors of overweight/obesity.Conclusions A higher morbidity rate of overweight/obesity was found in Xuzhou City,and comprehensive interventions should be taken for high risk populations.