过敏性输血反应的原因分析及检测方法

<正>免疫相关非溶血性输血反应包括过敏反应、发热反应、输血后紫癜、输血相关移植物抗宿主病,输血相关急性肺损伤等。其中过敏反应发生率在近年来国内外报道中均高于其他种类输血反应。输血相关过敏反应(allergic transfusion reactions,ATRs)的临床表现症状有:荨麻疹、瘙痒、皮肤红斑、潮红、血管性水肿、支气管痉挛、肺水肿、血压下降以及过敏性休克等,一些症状主要累及局部组织器官发生过敏性炎症,药物治疗有效,但也会存在

Analysis and detection methods of allergic transfusion reactions

Allergic transfusion reactions （ATRs） are a spectrum of hypersensitivity reactions that are the most common adverse reaction to platelets and plasma. Despite the ubiquity of these reactions, little is known about their mechanism. Evidence suggests that donor, product, and recipient factors are involved, and it is possi ble that many ATRs are multifactorial. A more comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of ATRs will lead to strategies that reduce the incidence of these reactions. These reactions are usually diagnosed at hospital on the basis of symptoms and other clinical tests including plasma protein levels and plasma protein antibodies, tryptase test and basophil activation test.