缺血性脑卒中患者及其家属的卒中相关知识调查

目的 了解缺血性脑卒中患者及其家属的卒中相关知识水平,为开展脑卒中健康教育工作提供参考依据.方法 采用横断面调查,2013年12月至2014年3月在首都医科大学宣武医院、北京大学第三医院、首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院及首都医科大学潞河教学医院4家三级医院神经内科住院的缺血性脑卒中患者及其家属进行卒中相关知识问卷调查与统计分析.调查内容包括脑卒中相关知识情况及脑卒中知识获取途径.结果 共发放问卷488份,收回有效调查问卷472份,有效率为96.72％.在472名被调查对象中,患者344人（72.88％）,家属128人（27.12％）.脑卒中早期症状知晓率为25.00％～67.16％,危险因素知晓率为19.92％ ～ 74.36％,发病后及时治疗知晓率为79.66％,溶栓治疗知晓率为32.20％,溶栓时间窗（静脉）知晓率为14.41％,预后知晓率为2.33％～66.74％.有脑卒中知识获取途径的患者及家属占72.25％,其中报纸/电视/网络等媒体宣传（37.50％）和亲戚/朋友影响（37.08％）是脑卒中知识的主要来源.结论 缺血性脑卒中患者及其家属的卒中相关知识结构尚不全面,且知识获取的渠道较为单一.今后要从多角度、多方面宣传脑卒中相关知识,开展多样化的健康教育方式.

Investigation on the related knowledge of stroke among patients with ischemic stroke and their family members

Objective To investigate the level of stroke knowledge among patients with ischemic stroke and their family members in Beijing area so as to provide evidence for health education on stroke.Methods We investigated and analyzed the awareness of patients with acute ischemic stroke and their family members in 4 tertiary hospitals （Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University,Peking University Third Hospital,Beijing Chao Yang Hospital,the Luhe Teaching Hospital of the Capital Medical University） in Beijing area during the period of December,2013 to March,2014.We surveyed on the related knowledge of stroke and the source of stroke education among patients with ischemic stroke and their family members Results There were 472 （96.72％） effective questionnaires; 344 （72.88％） patients and 128 （27.12％）family members.The awareness percentage of stroke early symptoms was 25.00％-67.16％.The awareness percentage of stroke risk factors was 19.92％-74.36％; 79.66％ of patients and their family members understood that prompt medical treatment is needed,32.20％ of the subjects knew about thrombolytic therapy,and 14.41％ of the participants knew treatment window.The awareness percentage of stroke outcome was 2.33％-66.74％.Most of patients and family members （72.25％） could obtain stroke knowledge.The most common educational sources were major media （37.50％） such as newspapers and television and Internet,influence from family members or friends （37.08％）.Conclusions The knowledge structure of patients with ischemic stroke and their family members in Beijing area was not complete,and the source of stroke education was limited.Therefore,health education on stroke must be carried out comprehensively and diversely.