异体股骨片支撑植骨治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折合并截瘫

目的 探讨前路椎管减压、异体股骨片支撑植骨，治疗胸腰椎爆裂骨折合并截瘫的疗效。方法2000年1月～2003年2。月，收治胸腰椎爆裂骨折合并截瘫36例，年龄18～56岁。受伤部位：T11 3例、T12 10例、L1 14例、L2 7例、L3 2例。脊髓损伤按Frankel分级：A级9例、B级11例、C级13例、D级3例。均采用脊柱前路手术，切除伤椎中后缘，对受压椎管彻底减压后，椎体间后缘支撑植入适宜的脱脂异体股骨片，椎管成形后，再将减压取下的伤椎椎体碎骨和肋骨骨条植入椎体进行前路“Z”型或“K”型钢板固定。结果术后CT扫描示36例椎管致压物全部去除，椎管扩大。其中33例获随访1～3年；A级中1例失访，3例无恢复，1例降至B级，2例降至C级，2例降至E级；B级中1例失访，2例无恢复，2例降至C级，4例降至D级，2例降至E级；C级中1例失访，3例降至D级，9例降至E级；D级全部降至E级。32例椎体间融合成功，内固定器械无断钉、松动；1例融合失败，改用后路手术治疗。结论采用前路异体股骨片支撑植骨，可避免取白体髂骨植骨，是一种较安全、有效的脊柱前路融合方法。

ALLOGENOUS BONE PLATE RECONSTRUCTING SPINAL CHANNEL AND GRAFTING IN TREATMENT OF THORACOLUMBAR BURST FRACTURE WITH PARAPLEGIA

Objective To evaluate the method of the allogenous bone plate reconstructing the spinal channel and grafting in treatment of thoracolumbar burst fracture with paraplegia. Methods Thirty-six patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture with paraplegia were included in this study. Their ages ranged from 18 to 56 (average, 38). The vertebral injury involved T_ 11 in 3 patients,T_ 12 in 10 patients,L_1 in 14 patients,L_2 in 7 patients,and L_3 in 2 patients. Neurological deficits were classified by the Frankel grading. There were 9 patients in grade A, 11 patients in grade B, 13 patients in grade C, and 3 patients in grade D. All the patients were treated with the anterior approach, decompression of the spinal channel, interbody graft, and internal fixation. The grafting materials consisted of the allogenous femoral bone plate that was degreased in advance and implanted in the intervertebral posterior region, with cut ribs and bone mills during the decompression. Results Postoperative CT scanning showed clearance of the spinal cord compression and expansion of the spine channel. During the follow-up period averaged 2 years, almost all the patients showed an improvement in the neurological function. Spinal fusion occurred in 32 patients. There was no screw loosened or broken. Only 1 patient failed to achieve the fusion. Conclusion The anterior approach, allograft bone plate reconstructing the spine channel is a safe and effective method in treatment of the thoracolumbar burst fracture with paraplegia, which may be a replacement of the autogenous illiac bone graft.