妊娠期高血压疾病290例临床分析

目的 探讨妊娠期高血压疾病的相关高危因素、并发症及其与母婴预后的关系. 方法 回顾性分析290例妊娠高血压疾病患者的临床资料. 结果 290例妊娠期高血压疾病患者中,初产妇185例（占63.8%）,经产妇105例（占36.2%）,两组差异有统计学意义（χ^2=5.84,P＜0.05）;居民98例（占33.8%）,农民及外来务工人员192例（占66.2%）,两组差异有统计学意义（χ^2=98.5,P＜0.05）.文化程度低,多无系统产前检查（F=13.8,P＜0.05）、重度子痫前期及子痫的发病率明显增高（F=8.5,P＜0.05）.重度子痫前期及子痫组的各种并发症发生率及剖宫率明显高于妊娠期高血压组（χ^2=11.7、30.6、23.6、17.7,均P＜0.05）和轻度子痫前期组（χ^2=8.0、5.7、11.8、5.27,均P＜0.05）.重度子痫前期及子痫组的胎儿生长受限、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息、早产、围生儿死亡等发生率明显高于妊娠期高血压组（χ^2=29.5、14.7、12.0、29.3,均P＜0.05）和轻度子痫前期组（χ^2=20.1、10.8、14.4、4.6,均P＜0.05）. 结论 加强孕期保健,防治妊娠期高血压疾病并发症,适时终止妊娠是降低孕产妇、围生儿死亡率的关键.

Analysis of 290 cases with hypertensive disorders during pregnancy

Objective To investigate the relationship of risk factors with mother and neonate in the pregnancy-induced hypertension disease. Methods 290 cases with pregnancy-induced hypertension were retrospectively analyzed. Results In 290 cases with hypertensive disorder during pregnancy,185 cases of primipara (63.8%),105 cases of multipara (36.2%),the difference was statistically significant(x2=5.84,P＜0.05＝.City residents 98 cases (33.8%),farmers and foreign workers 192 cases (66.2%),the difference was statistically significant(x2=98.5,P ＜0.05＝.Low educational level,more non-system prental care(F=13.8,P＜0.05＝,the incidence of severe preeclampsia and elampia were significantly higher.In severe preeclampsia and elampia group,the incidence of various complications and cesarean section rate was significantly higher than gestational hypertension(x2=11.7,30.6,23.6,17.7,P＜0.05＝and mild preeclampsiagroup (x2=8.0,5.7,11.8,5.27,P＜0 05＝.Severe preeclampsia and eclampsia with fetal growth restriction,fetal distress neonatal asphyxia premature birth perinatal death,children had higher incidence of gestational hypertension(x2=29.5,14.7,12.0,29.3,P＜0.05＝and mild preeclampsia (x2=20.1,10.8,14.4,4.6,P＜0.05＝. Conclusion The key to reduce the mortality of pregnant women puerperant and neonate was to strengthen health care during pregnancy,prevent and treat the complications and allow optimail timing of delivery.