药源性血栓栓塞症

药源性血栓栓塞症是指因某些药物使血管内血栓形成和／或栓塞并导致组织和器官功能受损的疾病。药源性血栓栓塞症的发病机制主要为血管内皮细胞损伤、血液成分改变和血流动力学异常。导致血栓栓塞症的常见药物有造影剂、化疗药、免疫抑制剂、免疫增强剂、环氧化酶2抑制剂、抗精神病药和激素等。药源性血栓栓塞症以门静脉、脾静脉、肾静脉或脑静脉窦等深静脉血栓形成较常见，动脉血栓较为少见。药源性血栓栓塞症可应用普通肝素、低分子肝素、磺达肝癸钠、华法林、尿激酶、阿替普酶、阿加曲班、重组水蛭素或达那肝素钠治疗。

Drug-induced thromboembolism

The term of drug-induced thromboembolism refers to intravascular thrombosis and/or thromboembolism due to drugs and resulting in impaired tissue and organ function. The main mechanisms of drug-induced thromboembolism involve injury of endothelial cells, the change of blood components and hemodynamic abnormality. Drugs which cause thrombosis mainly include contrast media, chemotherapeutic agents, immunosuppressive agents, immunopotentiators, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, antipsychotic agents, and hormones. The most common drug-induced thrombosis is deep vein thrombosis such as portal vein, splenic vein, renal vein, or cerebral venous sinus. Arterial thrombosis is less common. Drug-induced thrombosis could be treated with unfractionated heparin, low molecular weight heparin, fondaparinux sodium, warfarin, urokinase, alteplase, argatroban, recombinant hirudin or danaparoid sodium.