2014年贵州省某三甲医院医院感染横断面调查分析

摘要:目的　了解医院感染现状，为医院感染防控措施的制定提供依据，并评价实时监控系统的灵敏性及特异性。方法　采用横断面调查和病历调查相结合方法进行医院感染横断面调查。结果　2014年医院感染现患率为3.47%，感染例次率为4.15%。科室分布以ICU感染率最高，为47.37%；感染部位以下呼吸道占首位，为55.56%；医院感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主，主要病原菌为肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌及鲍曼不动杆菌等。结论　对医院感染现患率高的科室，应提高医务人员医院感染控制意识，加强对医院危险因素及重点环节的管理，有效降低医院感染的发生；对医院感染误报率高的科室应提高医院感染正确诊断水平；我院使用的实时监测系统对于医院感染病例的监测有良好的敏感性和特异性。

Investigation and analysis on hospital-acquired infection of Grade-A hospital in Guizhou Province in 2014: a cross-section survey

Abstract: Objective To explore the status of hospital infection, to carry out monitoring and provide the basis for the development of prevention and control measures, and to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of real-time monitoring system. Methods The method of combining cross-sectional survey and case investigation was taken to conduct the survey, in prevalence rate and misdiagnosis rate of hospital-acquired infections. Results The prevalence rate of hospital-acquired infections was 3.47%, and the case prevalence rate was 4.15% in 2014. The distribution of the highest infection rate was 47.37% in ICU department. Lower respiratory tract is the first site of hospital-acquired infection. Gram-negative bacteria were the focus pathogens, including K. pneumonia, P. aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, A. baumannii, et al. Conclusion The departments of the high prevalence on hospital-acquired infection should be strengthened the awareness and management to improve the level of control. The departments of high misdiagnosis rate should be improved the level of correct diagnosis of infection. What's more, the real-time monitoring system, in the hospital-acquired infection monitoring, has higher sensitivity and specificity.