广州市预包装食品钠含量现状 及消费者低盐饮食认知调查

摘要:目的　了解广州市预包装食品钠含量现状及消费者低盐饮食认知情况。方法　抽取广州市4间连锁超市，记录783种预包装食品营养标签上的钠含量标示情况；随机抽取超市消费者271名，通过问卷调查其低盐饮食认知情况。结果　预包装食品钠含量总标示率为99.36%，各类预包装食品的钠含量范围和中位值均有较大的差异，榨菜、方便面和肉制品的钠含量中位数分别为2360 mg/100 g、1988 mg/100 g和1703 mg/100 g。关于低盐饮食，不同职业的消费者在接受低盐饮食的宣传渠道上有差异（χ2＝14.20，P＝0.048），消费者教育接受率为41.7%，态度正向选择率为89.50%，行为选择率为56.28%，知识平均知晓率为49.31%。结论　随着GB28050-2011《食品安全国家标准-预包装食品营养标签通则》实施，预包装食品的钠含量标示率大幅度增加。然而，消费者的低盐饮食认知程度仍然较低，相关部门还应加强低盐饮食宣传教育。

Investigation on current status of sodium content of prepackaged foods and low-salt diet cognitive of consumers,Guangzhou

Abstract: Objective To understand the current status of sodium content of prepackaged foods and low-salt diet cognitive of consumers in Guangzhou. Methods We recorded the information of sodium content on 783 prepackaged food nutrition labels in four chain stores in Guangzhou. 271 consumers were randomly selected and interviewed using self-designed questionnaires in these chain stores. Results The rate of sodium content marking on nutrition labels was 99.36%, but the range and median value of sodium content had great difference among different kinds of prepackaged foods. The median sodium content of mustard, instant noodles and meat products were 2360mg/100g, 1988mg/100g and 1703mg/100g, respectively. The rate of receiving low-salt diet education for these consumers was only 41.7%. The average positive attitude rate, correct rate of low-salt diet behavior, and awareness rate of knowledge about low-salt diet was 89.50%, 56.28% and 49.31%, respectively. Conclusion With general principles of nutrition labeling of prepackaged products coming into effect, the marking rate of sodium content on nutrition labels increased substantially. But the level of low-salt diet cognitive level of consumers was still relatively low. The relevant departments should strengthen the publicity and education of low-salt diet.