切口隔离预防腹部切口感染

目的 探讨切口隔离技术在预防腹部切口感染中的价值.方法 对我院近3年收治的腹部手术患者进行前瞻性研究,随机分成隔离组1300例和对照组1249例,对2组患者根据手术术式统计切口感染率,再根据切口感染主要影响因素统计切口感染率.结果 对照组和隔离组总切口感染率分别是5.9%(76/1300)和2.6%(32/1249)、切口感染率分别为胆囊切除术13.4%(40/300)和3.1%(9/280)、结肠癌根治术14.7%(24/165)和3.5%(6/159)、肠梗阻手术13.6%(15/108)和3.2%(13/114)、胃切除术9.6%(18/187)和1.8%(3/169)(P<0.01);胆道探查术9.3%(13/145)和2.9%(4/153)、WHIPPLE14.6%(8/55)和1.8%(1/56)、胆肠吻合术10.6%(9/85)和2.3%(2/88)(P<0.05);肝叶切除6.3%(6/95)和2.3%(2/86)、脾切除术5.3%(5/95)和1.2%(1/87)、门奇断流术4.6%(3/65)和1.8%(1/57)(P>0.05).Ⅰ类切口感染率对照组和隔离组分别是2.0%(6/305)和1.4%(4/280)(P>0.05);Ⅱ、Ⅲ类切口感染率7.0%(70/995)和2.9%(28/969)、老年人(≥60岁)12.6%(36/286)和3.6%(10/279)、急诊手术10.0%(38/381)和2.8%(10/362)、手术时间≥3 h 9.0%(39/435)和2.8%(12/426)、伴糖尿病14.5%(21/145)和4.9%(6/123)、伴肥胖12.3%(40/325)和3.9%(12/310)、伴营养不良8.5%(39/458)和3.2%(14/433)、伴恶性肿瘤8.6%(40/465)和3.0%(15/496)(P<0.01);择期手术4.1%(38/919)和2.5%(22/887)、年轻患者(<60岁)3.9%(40/1014)和2.3%(22/970)、手术时间<3 h 4.3%(37/865)和2.4%(20/823)、不伴糖尿病3.9%(45/1155)和2.3%(26/1126)、不伴肥胖3.7%(36/975)和2.1%(20/939)、不伴营养不良4.4%(37/842)和2.2%(18/816)、不伴恶性肿瘤4.3%(36/835)和2.3%(17/753)(P<0.05).结论 切口隔离技术能有效减少腹部手术切口污染的机会从而降低切口感染率.

The wound isolation in prevention of abdominal wound infection

Objective To investigate the effects of the wound isolation in prevention of abdominal wound infection. Methods 2549 patients who bearded abdominal operation in 3 years in our hospital were randomly divid-ed into wound isolation group (n=1300) and control group(n=1249). The wound infection rates were summarized by operation ways and major influencing factors. Results The overall wound infection rate of control group and wound isolation group was 5.9% (76/1300) and 2.6% (32/1249). The infection rate was 13.4% (40/300) and 3.1% (9/280) in gallbladder resection, 14.7 % (24/165) and 3.5 % (6/159) in radical operation for carcinoma of colon, 13.6% (15/108) and 3.2% (13/114) in intestine block operation, 9.6% (18/187) and 1.8% (3/169) in stomach resection (P<0.01);The infection rate was 9.3% (13/145)and 2.9% (4/153)in biliary exploration, 14.6% (8/55) and 1.8% (1/56) in WHIPPLE, 10.6% (9/85) and 2.3% (2/88) in cholecystectomy (P<0.05);The infection rate was 6.3% (6/95) and 2.3% (2/86) in liver resection, 5.3% (5/95) and 1.2% (1/87) in spleen resection, 4.6% (3/65) and 1.8% (1/57) in porto-azygos venous disconnection (P>0.05). The wound infection rate of type Ⅰ resection of control group and wound isolation group was 2.0% (6/305) and 1.4% (4/280) (P> 0.05);The infection rate of type Ⅱ and Ⅲ resection was 7.0% (70/995) and 2.9% (28/969), for old man (≥60) was 12.6% (36/286) and 3.6% (10/279), the emergency operation was 10.0% (38/381) and 2.8% (10/362), the operation time ≥3 h was 9.0% (39/435) and 2.8% (12/426), with diabetes was 14.5% (21/145) and 4.9% (6/123), with obesity was 12.3% (40/325) and 3.9% (12/310), with malnutrition was 8.5% (39/458) and 3.2% (14/433), with cancer was 8.6% (40/465) and 3.0% (15/496) (P<0.01).;undergoing unemergency operation was 4.1% (38/919) and 2.5% (22/887),for yong persons (<60) was 3.9% (40/1014) and 2.3% (22/970), with operation time<3 h was (37/865) and 2.4% (20/823), without diabetes was 3.9% (45/1155) and 2.3 % (26/1126), without obesity was 3.7 % (36/975) and 2.1% (20/939), without malnutrition was 4.4% (37/842) and 2.2% (18/816)and without cancer was 4.3% (36/835) and 2.3% (17/753) (P<0.05). Conclu-sions The wound isolation can decrease the wound infection rates by reducing the chance of bacterial contamina-tion.