三峡库区二期蓄水生态变化对人群健康影响的研究

目的]为掌握长江三峡库区二期蓄水运行后,自然生态发生变化及自然疫源性疾病对人群健康的影响,并根据研究结果提出干预性措施。方法]在库区设立监测点,对生态变化及人群传染病(特别是自然疫源性疾病)发病情况等开展流行病学调查。结果]2001～2005年的研究证实,库区平均鼠密度为0.99%,鼠带菌(钩端螺旋体)带毒(流行性出血热病毒)率低,平均蚊密度为135.53只/人工小时,监测点法定传染病平均发病率502.16/10万,高于非监测点发病率,自然疫源性疾病处于非流行期,人群血清抗体较低,未发现鼠疫抗体。结论]库区生态发生了变化,对人群健康不会有较大影响,但仍需继续对库区生态及疾病进行监测,落实各项干预性措施,确保库区人群健康。

INFLUENCES OF CHANGES OF NATURAL ZOOLOGY AND DISEASES OF NATURAL FOCUS AFTER SECOND STAGE SLUICE OF THE YANGTZE GORGES RESERVOIR' REGION ON PEOPLE'S HEALTH

Objective]To evaluate the impacts of changes of natural zoology and diseases of natural focus on people's health after second stage sluice of The Yangtze Gorges reservoir' region,and provide effective intervention measures according to results.Methods]The epidemiological surveillance in reservoir' region and epidemiological study were carried out,which included ecological changes,incidence rates of infectious diseases,especially diseases of natural focus,and so on.Results]The results showed that the average density of mices of reservoir' region was 0.99% in years from 2001 to 2005,the rate of bacteria-carried(Leptospira)and virus-carried(epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus,EHFV)mices was low,the average density of mosquitoes was 135.53 per worker hour,the average incidence of notifiable diseases in monitoring sites was 502.16 per 100 000,which was significantly higher than that in non-monitoring sites,diseases of natural focus were keeping stability now and serum levels of antibody in population were low,and the antibody against plague was not found.Conclusions]Ecological changes of The Yangtze Gorges reservoir' region don't make fairly adverse impacts on people's health,surveillance of zoology and diseases still must be done and all available preventive measures should be put into practice to protect people's health.