68例脊髓灰质炎野病毒病例的流行病学分析

本文就１９９３～１９９４年发现的由脊髓灰质炎野病毒引起的６８例病例进行了流行病学分析。近年我国脊髓灰质炎野病毒流行的优势毒株是Ⅰ型，仅在新疆分离到１株Ⅲ型野病毒；96％的病例是４岁以下儿童，男女性别比例为２：１，病例有明显的季节发病高峰，多集中在３～６月，病例主要分布在农村地区；１９９３年南方几个省出现了脊髓灰质炎的暴发或流行；在这些病例中未服苗和未完成３次服苗的比例分别为４４％和６６％。

AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF POLIOMYELITIS CASES CAUSED BY WILD POLIOVIRUS FOUND IN CHINA, 1993-1994

n epidemiologic analysis of poliomyelitis cases in China in 1993-1994 caused by wildpoliovirus found through polio surveillance system and the evaluation on this same systemwere reported.Although only isolate of wild poliovirus type 3 in Xinjiang was confirmed,the epidemic strains of priority were type 1.Among the wild poliovirus confirmed cases,96% were the children under 4 years of age,who appeared to be the extremely high-riskpopulation,sex ratio was 2:1.There was an obvious peak season of the disease and inwhich most of the cases occurred from March to June. Geographic distribution of thecases were in rural areas and most of them were due to some big outbreaks in some south-ern high-risk provinces. Examing the immunization history,44% and 66% of the caseshave not received any OPV or not reeeived 3 complete vaccination doses respectively.68%of the cases were characterized for collecting stool samples within 14 days through thesurveillance system. It is of importance that learning more epidemiologic characteristicsbe benefits for increasing polio surveillance quality especially in the last stage of polioeradication in China.