大学生电子产品使用习惯现状调查及颈肩痛相关性分析

目的 调查大学生颈肩痛现状以及电子产品的使用情况对颈肩痛患病率的影响。方法 以上海交通大学为中心向全国各地多所大学随机抽取学生发放6000份问卷，内容包括人口统计学信息、颈肩痛患病情况、电子产品的使用时间和使用姿势等。使用logistic回归分析法来分析颈肩痛的可能危险因素。结果 结果显示，中国大学生人群中颈肩痛的患病率为39.1％，女性患病率高于男性。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，女性（OR=1.722）、每天使用手持电子设备大于4小时（OR=1.219）、每天使用电脑总时长大于3小时（OR=1.305）、使用电脑单次最长时间大于2小时，（OR=1.210）是大学生患颈肩痛的危险因素，P<0.05。采用低头不弯腰的姿势在桌前使用电子设备（A姿势OR=1.302；C姿势OR=1.445；D姿势OR=1.137）、在床上不使用电子设备（仰卧OR=1.575；俯卧OR=1.720，；侧卧OR=1.769；半卧OR=1.385；坐立OR=1.351）是大学生患颈肩痛的保护因素,P<0.05。结论 大学生颈肩痛的患病率较高，同电子产品的使用时间和使用姿势关系密切，应倡导大学生正确科学地使用电子产品。

Effects of the use of electronic products on neck and shoulder pain of university students

To investigate the effect of the NSP on university students and how the living habit such as the use ofelectronic products affect the NSP. Methods A total of 6 000 students were selected mainly from Shanghai Jiao TongUniversity and other key universities across the country to do the questionnaires. The questionnaire involved questions includingdemographic information，neck pain prevalence and the habits of using electronic devices. Also，it was used to collect specificinformation related to the occurrence of NSP. Logistic regressive analysis was performed to analyze the potential risk factors forNSP. Ｒesults exhibited that the prevalence rate of NSP in university students in China was 39. 1% . Both the severity andincidence of NSP in females were higher than males. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors forcollege students suffering from neck and shoulder pain were women ( OＲ = 1. 722) ，using hand － held electronic devices formore than 4 hours a day ( OＲ = 1. 219) ，using computers for more than 3 hours a day ( OＲ = 1. 305) and using computers formore than 2 hours at a time ( OＲ = 1. 210) ，P ＜ 0. 05. Lowering one’s head while using electronic equipment in front of thetable without bending down ( A posture OＲ = 1. 302; C posture OＲ = 1. 445; D posture OＲ = 1. 137) and not using electronicequipment in bed ( Lying on one’s back OＲ = 1. 575; Prostration OＲ = 1. 720; Lying on the side OＲ = 1. 769; Half － lying OＲ= 1. 385; Sitting OＲ = 1. 351) were the protective factors for college students suffering from neck and shoulder pain，P ＜ 0. 05.Conclusion The time and posture of using electronic products can influence the prevalence rate of university students’neck －shoulder pain heavily. College students should be encouraged to use electronic products correctly and scientifically.