绝经女性初潮年龄与超重关联的研究

目的 探讨和田地区绝经女性初潮年龄与超重的关联，分析生殖相关因素对初潮年龄和超重关联间可能的交互作用。方法 使用“新疆多民族自然人群队列”和田地区墨玉县3 239名绝经女性的基线调查数据，运用logistic回归模型调整社会人口学因素和生殖相关因素后分析初潮年龄和超重的关系，并使用模型中的乘积项评价初潮年龄、过去使用避孕环情况、活产次数对肥胖关联的交互作用。结果 调查对象平均年龄（57.22±7.95）岁，平均初潮年龄（15.13±1.26）岁，1.27%的女性初潮年龄≤12岁。初潮年龄≤12岁的绝经女性中73.17%的人体质指数≥24.0 kg/m²，超重率高于其他初潮年龄组（χ2=19.671，P<0.001）。调整年龄、经济状况及生殖相关因素后，初潮年龄≤12岁组与初潮年龄≥17岁组相比超重的OR值为2.70 (95%CI:1.16~6.28)。初潮年龄和过去使用避孕环情况、活产次数、绝经年龄对肥胖的关联无交互作用。结论 绝经女性初潮年龄和超重存在关联，初潮年龄≤12岁者超重风险最高。

Age at menarche and overweight among postmenopausal women

To explore the relationship among body mass index and onset of menarche among postmenopausal women, and to analyze the multiplicative interaction on overweight between age at menarche and reproductive related factors. Methods Data of 3239 postmenopausal female with complete data on age of menarche and body measurement that were from the Xinjiang Multi-ethnic Cohort Study were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the effects of menarche age on body mass index in postmenopausal female. Variables of menarche age and others were added to the logistic regression model to evaluate the multiplicative interaction, respectively. Results The mean age of female participants was(57.22±7.95) years, and the mean age at menarche of participants was(15.13±1.26) years. And 1.27% of them reported their menarche age≤12 years. The prevalence of overweight among them was 73.17% and was significantly higher than other groups(X2=19.671, P<0.001). Compared with participants whose menarche age≥17 years, the OR(95%CI) of ≤12 years group was 2.70(95%CI: 1.16～6.28) after adjusting for potential confounders. No significant differences were found in multiplicative interaction on overweight between age at menarche and reproductive related factors(P>0.05). Conclusion Earlier age at menarche is associated with higher risk of overweight among postmenopausal women.