深圳市罗湖区居民淡水鱼中孔雀石绿膳食暴露水平概率评估

目的 了解深圳市罗湖区淡水鱼中孔雀石绿（MG）污染状况,掌握罗湖区居民淡水鱼孔雀石绿膳食暴露概率分布,评估食用淡水鱼孔雀石绿暴露的健康风险。方法 以分层随机抽样方法,采集淡水鱼173份,用液质联用法对淡水样本中雀石绿进行检测;应用食物频率法调查3227名居民淡水鱼消费量;运用蒙特卡罗原理模拟计算居民淡水鱼中孔雀石绿暴露的概率分布,采用暴露边界比法评估健康风险。结果 罗湖区淡水鱼中孔雀石绿检出率为41.62%,平均值为23.80μg/kg,最大值为1771.31μg/kg。黄骨鱼、桂花鱼、脆肉鲩、生鱼中孔雀石绿检出率最高,分别为73.33%、71.43%、60.00%和46.15%。成年人淡水鱼消费量平均为20.95g/d,未成年人淡水鱼消费量平均为17.48g/d,低于成年人消费量（t=7.672,P<0.05）。罗湖区99%的成年人居民淡水鱼中孔雀石绿暴露边界比MOE值高于200000,99%的未成年人居民淡水鱼中孔雀石绿MOE值高于181818。结论 罗湖区99%的居民淡水鱼孔雀石绿暴露健康风险较低,但淡水鱼中孔雀石绿污染状况较其他文献报道严重。

Probability assessment of malachite green exposure level from freshwater fish,Luohu District,Shenzhen

Objective To investigate malachite green(MG) concentration and the dietary consumption from freshwater fish, and to evaluate MG intake from freshwater fish and the health risk for residents in Luohu District of Shenzhen City. Methods A total of 173 freshwater fish were collected by stratified sampling method and determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. A food frequency questionnaire was designed to collect information on freshwater fish intake of 3227 residents in Luohu District recruited by stratified sampling method. The probability distribution of daily intake exposure was calculated by the Monted Carlo simulation method, and health risk of intaking MG was assessed by margin of exposure MOE approach. Results The average detection rate of MG in freshwater fish samples in Luohu District was 41.62%, and the average concentration of MG in freshwater fish samples was 23.80 μg/kg, with the highest residue level of 1771.31 μg/kg. The mean detection rates in Yellow catfish, Mandarin fish, Crisp grass carp and Snakeheaded fish, were 73.33%, 71.43%, 60.00% and 46.15%, respectively. The daily consumption of freshwater fish in adult group was 28.32 g/d, and that in children and adolescent group was 17.48 g/d, lower than the daily consumption of adults(t=7.672, P<0.05). The MOE values of MG for 99 percent adults and children in Luohu District were higher than 20000 and 181818, respectively. Conclusion The calculated health risk of intaking MG from freshwater fish for residents in Luohu District is low, but the MG contamination in freshwater fish in Luohu District is worse than other reports.