西藏地区中老年居民慢性病患病现状及其影响因素

目的 了解西藏地区中老年居民慢性病患病现状及影响因素。方法 根据西藏地区国家第六次卫生服务调查，采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法，纳入中老年人群共4 995例为研究对象，分析人群慢性病患病影响因素。结果 研究结果显示西藏地区中老年人群慢性病患病率为57.8%，以高血压患病率最高，为26.5%。logistic回归显示，性别（参考:男性，女OR = 1.497，95%CI:1.33～1.68）、年龄（参考:45～54岁；55～64岁:OR = 1.735,95%CI:1.510～1.993；65岁~:OR = 2.163,95%CI:1.923～2.567））、民族（参考:非藏族，藏族OR = 1.489，95%CI:1.069～2.074）、居住地（参考:城镇，农牧区OR = 1.472，95%CI:1.268～1.708）、是否贫困户（参考:贫困户，非贫困户OR = 0.811，95%CI:0.693～0.949）、婚姻（参考:已婚，未婚OR = 0.932，95%CI:0.727～1.194；丧偶OR = 1.209，95%CI:1.004～1.457；离婚OR = 1.665，95%CI:1.043～2.658）、就业（参考:在业，离退休OR = 1.757，95%CI:1.266～2.438；失业或无业OR = 0.993，95%CI:0.857～1.151）和每周锻炼次数（参考:从不，1～2次OR = 0.813，95%CI:0.688～0.961；3次及以上OR = 0.635，95%CI:0.553～0.73）均是该人群慢性病患病率的影响因素。结论 西藏地区中老年人群慢性病患病率较高，其中以高血压患病率最高，性别、年龄、居住地区、贫困情况、婚姻状况、就业状况和每周锻炼次数均是其影响因素。建议当地政府制定卫生政策时，针对性地对人群加强卫生教育和管理。

Prevalence of chronic diseases and its influencing factors among middle-aged and older population in Tibet

The study aimed to understand the status of chronic diseases and its influencing factors among middleaged and older population in Tibet. Methods According to the Sixth National Health Service Survey in Tibet, 4995 middleaged and older population were included in this study by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling to analyze the influencing factors of chronic diseases. Results The results showed that the prevalence of chronic diseases was 57.8% among the middle-aged and older population in Tibet, and the prevalence of hypertension was the highest(26.5%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that gender(reference: male, female OR=1.497, 95%CI: 1.33-1.68), age(reference: 45-54, 55-64 OR=1.735, 95%CI:1.51-1.993; 65-OR=2.163, 95%CI: 1.923-2.567), ethnicity(reference: non-Tibetan, Tibetan OR=1.489, 95%CI: 1.069-2.074),residence(reference: urban, rural OR=1.472, 95%CI: 1.268-1.708), poverty or not(reference: poverty, non-poverty OR=0.811,95%CI: 0.693-0.949), marriage status(reference: married, unmarried OR=0.932, 95%CI: 0.727-1.194; widowed OR=1.209, 95%CI:1.004-1.457; divorced OR=1.665, 95%CI: 1.043-2.658), employment status(reference: employed, retired OR=1.757,95%CI: 1.266-2.438; unemployed OR=0.993, 95%CI: 0.857-1.151) and the number of exercise every week(reference: never, 1-2 times OR=0.813,95%CI: 0.688-0.961; ≥3 times OR=0.635, 95%CI: 0.553-0.73) were the influencing factors of the prevalence of chronic diseases in this population. Conclusion The prevalence of chronic diseases is high among the middle-aged and older population in Tibet, among which hypertension is the most common. Gender, age, residential area, poverty or not, marital status, employment status and the number of exercising every week are the influencing factors. The local government should strengthen health education and management to the population when formulating health policies.