社区老年人慢性病患病及影响因素分析

目的：探讨社区老年人慢性病的患病情况及影响因素。方法采用多阶段抽样方法，抽取朱桥社区1761位居民为调查对象进行调查，对回收的资料仔细检查核对，编号整理后用SPSS录入数据并进行统计分析。结果在316例60岁以上老年人中，经医生诊断患有各类不同疾病者171例，患病率为54.11%。慢性病患病率在老年人中较高，有135例，占42.7％，高血压在慢性病患病率中较高。结论要给予老年人膳食指导，合理安排饮食，达到平衡膳食要求。社区老年慢性病患者对不合理膳食对健康有害的认知率普遍较低，提示不良饮食习惯是老年人普遍存在的问题；主要不良行为方式中不坚持参加体育锻炼率稍高。高血压在慢性病患病率中较高，所以预防治疗高血压十分重要。专家们总结出保证人体健康的四大基石：合理膳食、适量运动、戒烟酒、心理平衡。提倡社区老年人群保持健康的生活方式和良好的精神状态，对降低老年慢性病患病率有着重要的作用。

Community health management model in chronic disease

ObjectiveExplore the chronic diseases among individuals and groups and the community initiative.MethodsMulti-stage sampling method of Zhu Qiao jurisdiction residents survey 1761 survey, collected data on carefully checked,no entry after finishing with the SPSS statistical analysis of data.ResultsIn the 316 cases in the elderly over 60 years of age,the doctors diagnosed 171 cases of different types of diseases,the prevalence was 54.11%. Prevalence of chronic diseases is higher in the elderly 135,42.7%,hypertension in the higher prevalence of chronic diseases.ConclusionThe elderly should be given dietary guidance,reasonable arrangements for food,balanced diet requirements. The main factors affecting health are ill unreasonable high dietary health hazards in the low recognition rates prompted the elderly poor eating habits common problem; major adverse behavior does not adhere to the slightly higher rate of physical exercise. Hypertension in the higher prevalence of chronic diseases,so prevention and treatment of hypertension is particularly important,in social practice,the experts concluded to ensure that the four cornerstones of health：a reasonable diet,regular exercise, smoking cessation alcohol,mental balance . People urged the whole society to have a healthy lifestyle and good mental state,more civilized human society towards prosperity.