四省572例HIV感染孕产妇流行病学特征及感染途径分析

目的:了解我国艾滋病高发地区孕产妇感染艾滋病病毒(HIV)的基本流行病学特征和感染途径。方法:对我国艾滋病高发的四省15个县(市、区)2004~2006年孕产期保健时检测发现的572例HIV感染孕产妇进行问卷调查。结果:①HIV感染孕产妇年龄中位数为27岁,40·91%为汉族,82·39%为农民或无业,40·56%为小学或以下文化程度,42·66%家庭月均收入不足260元。孕产妇社会人口学特征呈明显地区差异。②39·30%的HIV感染孕产妇有多性伴,13·16%曾有偿供血;其配偶/性伴侣中,30·12%有吸毒史,25·04%有多性伴,9·81%有嫖娼史,9·46%曾有偿供血。③47·55%的调查对象通过异性性行为感染HIV,14·86%通过既往有偿供血感染,3·85%因注射吸毒感染,33·74%感染途径不详。结论:绝大多数感染HIV的孕产妇在家务农或无业,受教育程度普遍较低,家庭生活贫困,HIV感染孕产妇存在明显的地域特征。异性性行为成为广西、云南和新疆现场育龄妇女感染HIV的主要途径。应针对不同地域特点和不同的感染人群特征,采取不同的艾滋病综合防治措施与策略。

Study on characteristics and infected route of 572 cases maternal women living with HIV infection in four provinces

Objective:To learn the epidemiological characteristics and infection route of maternal women living with HIV/AIDS in the region with relatively high prevalence of AIDS in China.Methods:All the 572 cases identified HIV-infected maternal women were investigated with structured questionnaire within 15 counties (cities/districts) in 4 provinces/autonomous regions with relatively high prevalence of AIDS in China from January 2004 to December 2006.Results:①572 cases maternal women living with HIV were investigated in this study with a median age of 27 years,the main ethnicity was Han (40.91%) and the percentage of peasant or unemployment was 82.39%.40.56% of these women just had primary school education or less,and the proportion of women whose monthly incomes less than 260 yuan was 42.66%.There was a significant difference in the sociodemographic characteristics of maternal women between the areas of 4 provinces/autonomous regions.②The results showed 39.30% of these HIV-infected maternal women with multiple sexual partners,13.16% with former commercial blood and plasma donation.The proportion of drug user among the sexual partners of these women was 30.12%,followed by 25.04% of them with multiple sexual partners,9.81% with the commercial sexual behavior,and 9.46% with former commercial blood and plasma donation.③Heterosexual transmission accounted for 47.55% of these maternal women living with HIV/AIDS,followed by 14.86% of cases via former commercial blood and plasma donation,3.85% by IDU-related transmission and 33.74% was uncertainty.Conclusion:The majority of maternal women living with HIV/AIDS are peasant or unemployment with low education level and their family's monthly incomes also is low. The characteristics of the women from different areas appear to be diversity. The heterosexual behavior is the dominant infection route in some areas of Guangxi , Yunnan and Xinjiang provinces. It is very important to take steps towards the effective and different comprehensive prevention and intervention strategy focus on the infection route of maternal women and their characteristics of distribution.