股骨下端血管孔的观察

本文采用150侧成人股骨标本,将股骨下端分为髁上区、髁区和髁间区,按大、中、小分类计数血管孔,并观察了血管孔的方向。血管孔数以髁区最多,髁上区次之,髁间区最少。血管孔的方向与血管走向有关,髁上区前群大多朝向上,后群以朝向上和后为主,髁区和髁间区均与骨面垂直。部分髁区相邻血管孔有呈网状的浅沟相连。髁间区中央凹陷处的血管孔较大,有的超过股骨干的滋养孔。在髁间前方干骺结合线与髌面之间,2侧有血管孔分布。本文还测定了髁间窝中央凹的大小和深度,为解剖学和临床工作提供参考。

OBSERVATION ON THE VASCULAR FORAMINA OF THE LOWER END OF THE HUMAN FEMUR

The vascular foramina of the lower end of the human femur in 150 adults were studied. The vascular foramina were more in the condylar, less in the supracondylar, and far less in the intercondylar region. Their directions related to the courses of the vascular vessels. Most of them opened upwards because the vessels mainly travel from above downwards. Adjacent foramina in the condylar region were connected with each other by a network of furrows on the cortex in about a half of specimens. The vascular foramina in the central fovea between the two condyles were relatively larger. Some of them were larger than the nutrient foramina of the diaphysis of the femur. The size and depth of the central fovea were also measured.