艾滋病病毒感染者配偶艾滋病知识、态度、行为调查及HIV感染状况分析

目的 了解艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染者配偶对艾滋病（AIDS）的认知及其感染状况，为开展有针对性的健康教育提供依据。方法 分别选择一个示范区和非示范区，采取整群抽样的方法，对420名感染者配偶进行问卷调查和HIV抗体检测。结果 感染者配偶的艾滋病知晓率为100％，94.29％正确回答艾滋病的传播途径；HIV抗体检测率为44．76％；91．43％认为应为感染者身份保密，94．05％认为艾滋病病人应该享有平等的工作和劳动的权利；44．52％认为配偶感染HIV后可仍与其有性生活；50％～60％知道病人出现发热、腹泻、头痛等症状时的正确处理方法；感染者配偶HIV感染率为5．71％。非示范区较高。与其性别等因素无关。结论 应继续加大对高危人群的检测力度；要加强对HIV感染者配偶的家庭护理教育；示范区防制措施和方法应向非示范区逐步推行。

The survey on the knowledge, attitude and behavior of AIDS among HIV-infected patients'''' spouses and analysis of HIV-infected status

ObjectiveTo understand the knowledge, attitudes about AIDS, and behaviors of HIV-infected patients' spouses and analysis of HIV-infected status, to put forward evidence for the efficient health education. MethodsWith cluster sampling, 420 HIV-infected patients' spouses were selected from a experimental and non-experimental domains, and investigated with questionnaire and anti-HIV antibody. ResultsThe spouses showed a high rate of knowing about HIV prevention and therapy, with 100% knowing about AIDS, with 94.27% correctly answering AIDS transmitting routes. About (44.76%) had anti-HIV antibody. 91.43% thought it's necessary to keep the status of infected persons in secret. About 94.05% held that the family with HIV-infected family members should get equal right to work. About 44.52% still proceeded to have sexual behaviors after knowing that his or her spouse was infected by HIV, among them, about 44.06% knew how to correctly use condom. About 50% to 60% knew the correct treatment after patients having fever, diarrhea, and headache, etc. Only 2.62% could correctly treat the emergency such as trauma bleeding, etc. The infection rate among HIV-infected patients' spouses is 5.71%, with a higher infection rate in non-experimental domain, irrelative to gender. ConclusionsSupervision to high-risk population during the propaganda and education of AIDS should be reinforced . HIV-infected patients' spouses, serving as the health nurse, should get education about AIDS family nurse. Experimental domains, as the key counties of AIDS prevention and therapy, with earlier AIDS prevention and therapy, and timely intervening measures, showed a prominent reduced infection rate.