新生儿重症监护病房医院感染目标性监测结果分析

目的了解新生儿重症监护病房（neonatal intensive care unit，NICU）医院感染现状，探讨相关危险因素，为预防感染提供依据。方法采取目标性监测方法，按卫生部《医院感染监测规范》中的相关要求，对2011年1月-2011年12月入住NICU所有新生儿进行目标性监测，并对监测结果进行统计分析。结果监测新生儿1285例、8685个住院日，医院感染发病率4．36％，日感染率6．45％o；呼吸机使用率11．12％，呼吸机相关肺炎（ventilator associated pneumonia，VAP）发病率3．11‰；中央导管使用率8．22％，中央导管相关血流感染（central line—associated bloodstream infection，CLABSI）发病率2．80％o；感染率与出生体重密切相关，下呼吸道为常见感染部位。结论应根据NICU医院感染的发生特点，加强目标性监测工作，及时采取干预措施，以降低医院感染的发生。

Targeted monitoring of nosocomial infection in neonatal intensive care unit

Objective To evaluate the status of nosocomial infection in NICU, so as to explore risk factors and provide sci- entific bases for the prevention of infections. Methods According to the standard for nosocomial infection surveillance by the Ministry of Health, the targeted surveillance to the neonates in NICU from January to December 2011 and the monitored results were analyzed statistically. Results Of 1 285 neonates with 8 685 patient days, the incidence of nosocomial infec- tion was 4. 36% , the daily infection rate was 6.45%e. The utilization rate of the ventilator was 11.12% , and the ventilator associated pneumonia rate was 3. 1 l%e. The utilization rate of the central tine was 8. 22%, and the utilization rate of the central line - associated bloodstream infection was 2. 80%v. The infection rate was closely related to the birth weight. The major infection site was the lower respiratory tract. Conclusion The prospective targeted surveillance should be strength- ened based on the incidence feature of nosocomial infections, and the intervention measures should be adopted in a timely manner so as to decrease the incidence of nosocomial infections.