我国托幼机构卫生保健工作的现状调查

目的:了解我国不同地区、不同类型托幼机构卫生保健工作现状,为促进托幼机构卫生保健工作提供参考。方法:采用信函调查的方法,对31个省(自治区、直辖市)8 966所托幼机构进行调查。结果:①80%以上的托幼机构建有定期健康检查、卫生消毒、安全和卫生保健登记制度。开展儿童入园体检和工作人员体检的托幼机构的入园体检率和工作人员体检率分别为67.0%、82.6%。保健室设立率仅为47.5%,保健医配备率为58.5%。②托幼机构卫生保健工作存在地区差异。各项指标随省市级、县级、乡级、村级有逐渐降低趋势。西南、西北地区的各项卫生保健指标较低。③托幼机构卫生保健工作在不同类别的托幼机构中存在差异,私人办园和乡镇办园的卫生保健指标较低。结论:调查的各项指标与《托儿所、幼儿园卫生保健管理办法》的要求都存在一定的差距,今后托幼机构卫生保健工作督导的重点是乡、村级园,西南、西北地区,是乡镇办园、私人办园。

The status and challenge of health care of kindergartens in china

Objective:To understand the status of implementation of health care in different area and different kinds of kindergartens in China.Methods:Eight thousands nine hundreds and sixty-six kindergartens in 31 provinces of China were surveyed.Results:①Overall,more than 80% of kindergartens had regular physical check-up,sanitation sterilize,safe and health care register regulation.The rate of child physical examination for entering kindergarten was 67.0%,for staff was 82.6%.47.5% of kindergartens had health care clinic,58.5% of kindergartens had health care doctors.②There were obvious differences in health care works and management of kindergartens among different regions.From best to worst,regarding kindergarten health care work,the list in the front was the kindergartens in the province and city level,next was in county level,and then was in village level,the last was in rural level.The indicators on health care were poor in southwest area and northeast area.③The different was existed in the work contents of kindergarten health care among different kinds of kindergartens.Comparing with other kinds of kindergartens,the indicators of health care in kindergartens managed by privates,in the rural area and county was lower.Conclusion:All indicators in this survey has not been Matched standards required by Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education in Management.For the future,It is the emphases that Village level and rural level kindergarten,southwest area and northwest area,kindergartens managed by privates and managed by villages and towns.