胸骨后甲状腺肿的诊断与手术治疗

目的 分析胸骨后甲状腺肿的临床表现,比较各种诊断方法的敏感性、特异性,总结手术治疗要点和病理类型.方法 回顾性分析2001年-2005年间59例经手术治疗的胸骨后甲状腺肿患者的临床资料.结果 本组中胸骨后甲状腺肿主要表现为无症状颈部肿物(39例),其他表现包括憋气13例、甲亢症状4例、声音嘶哑3例、哽咽感3例、饮水呛咳1例等.胸片、B超、CT及核素显像对胸骨后甲状腺肿诊断的敏感性分别为:62.8%,15.8%,85.7%和50.0%;特异性分别为99.4%,99.8%,99.5%和99.0%.57例胸骨后甲状腺肿经颈切除,1例颈胸联合切除,1例开胸切除.术后病理:结节性甲状腺肿48例,Grave's病1例,腺瘤2例,甲状腺癌8例.结论 CT、胸片是胸骨后甲状腺肿诊断敏感性较高的检查方法,绝大多数胸骨后甲状腺肿可经颈部完成切除.

Diagnosis and surgical therapy of substernal goiter

Objective To study the presentation,sensitivity of different diagnostic methods,snrgical modalities and pathological findings for patients of substemal goiter. Methods The clinical data of fifty nine cases of substernal goiter surgically treated were retrospectively analyzed. Results The main symptoms of substernal goiter patients were asymptomatic cervical mass(39/59),airway obstruction (13/59),hyperthyroidism(4/59),hoarseness(3/59)and choke(3/59).The sensitivity of chest X-ray,ultrasonography,CT and scintigraphy was 62.8%,15.8%,85.7%,and 50.0%respectively,and the specificity Was 99.4%,99.8%,99.5%and 99.0%,respectively.Standard cervical approach was successful for thyroidectomy operations in 57 cases.One patient underwent thyroidectomy by sternotomic approach,and another one by combined cervici-sternotomic approach.No major complications or perioperative deaths occurred.Pathology revealed nodular goiter in 48 cases.Grave's disease in one,thyroid adenoma in 2,and carcinoma in 8. Conclusions CT and chest X-ray are sensitive diagnostic techniques for substerual goiter.Cervical approach is appropriate for most substernal goiter.