预见性护理在重型肝炎和肝硬化患者医院感染中的应用研究

目的探讨重型肝炎和肝硬化患者医院感染的预见性护理效果。方法对我科收治的重型肝炎、肝硬化患者随机分为两组，对照组重型肝炎30例、肝硬化33例给予常规护理；观察组重型肝炎32例、肝硬化34例在常规护理的基础上采取预见性护理。观察两组医院感染发生率及控制率。结果对照组和观察组重型肝炎医院感染率分别为46．67％和21．88％（P〈0．05），医院感染后控制率为分别为35．71％和85．71％（P〈0．05）；肝硬化医院感染率为39．39％和17．65％（P〈0．05）；医院感染后控制率为28．57％和83．33％（P〈0．05）；观察组未发生医院感染和发生医院感染患者的平均住院天数分别为（31．4±15．6）d和（47．2±16．7）d，对照组未发生医院感染和发生医院感染患者的平均住院天数分别为（39．4±28．9）d和（64．3±28．4）d。结论预见性护理对重型肝炎和肝硬化患者医院感染的发生有一定的预防和控制作用，合并医院感染后控制较容易，缩短平均住院天数，提高重型肝炎患者抢救成功率。

Application of foreseeable nursing to hospital infection among patients with severe hepatitis and cirrhosis

Objective To explore the effectiveness of foreseeable nursing to hospital infection among patients with severe hepatitis and cirrhosis. Methods The patients with severe hepatitis and cirrhosis were divided into two groups: 63 cases in control group were received routine nursing, while 66 cases in experiment group were received foreseeable nursing. Hospital infection rate and control rate were observed. Results Hospital infection rate among patients with severe hepatitis in experiment and control group were 46.67% and 21.88% repectively, the control rate after infection were 35.71% and 85.71% separately. While hospital infection rate among cirrhosis patients were 39.39% and 17.65%, and the control rate after infection were 28.57% and 83.33 % (P<0. 05). Those who in observation group did not happen hospital infection and happened hospital infection hospitalized for an average number of (31. 4 ± 15.6) and (47.2 ±16.7 ) d, while those in control group were (39.4 ±28.9) d and (28.4±64.3) d respectively. Conclusions Foreseeable nursing among hepatitis and cirrhosis is helpful to prevent and control hospital infection shorten the average hospitalized days and improve falminant hepatitis patients' rescue success.