金盆乡氟中毒调查及防治策略探讨

目的 :探讨在高寒、经济落后的燃煤污染型病区地方性氟中毒的防治策略。方法 :现场流行病学调查。结果 :2～ 12岁儿童人均总摄氟量为 (9 16 5± 2 2 6 )mg/d ,8～ 12岁儿童氟斑牙患病率为 6 6 6 % ,重度氟中毒患者占 16岁以上人群为 6 %。主要摄氟途径为食入经煤火烘烤的玉米 ,其氟含量为 (5 2 70± 15 95 ) μg/g。 结论 :金盆乡属典型的燃煤污染型氟中毒重病区。该乡目前采取的防治措施为改灶降氟和健康教育 ,效果尚不显著。应采用烤烟房烘烤玉米 ,避免明火直接烘烤 ;在该乡实行退耕还林 ;将乡村干部、中小学生作为健康教育的重点和主体 ,将地氟病防治知识编入氟病区中小学《健康教育》教材中 ,使健康教育具有一定针对性

A Study on Fluorosis Control Measures in Fluorosis Endemic Areas with Coal-burning-pollution

Objective: To explore the endemic fluorosis control measures in coal-burning-pollution areas that were very poor and cold. Methods: A survey of environmental epidemiology was conducted. Results: The Jinpen village was a typical and severe coal-burning-pollution fluorosis area. The main preventing measures carried out in the area were improving stove and health education at present. But the results were not satisfactory yet. Conclusions: Some suggestions are given here: 1) To execute the policy of converting the land to forestry in the area; 2) To dry corn in the tobacco baking room; 3) To focus health education to cadres and students of the village and put the knowledge of preventing and treating the endemic fluorosis into teaching materials for the students.