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Hypergammaglobulinemia and autoantibody induction mechanisms in viral infections
Authors:Hunziker Lukas  Recher Mike  Macpherson Andrew J  Ciurea Adrian  Freigang Stefan  Hengartner Hans  Zinkernagel Rolf M
Affiliation:Institute for Experimental Immunology, University Hospital, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland. lhunziker@uhbs.ch
Abstract:Polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia is a characteristic of chronic inflammatory conditions, including persisting viral infections and autoimmune diseases. Here we have studied hypergammaglobulinemia in mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), which induces nonspecific immunoglobulins as a result of switching natural IgM specificities to IgG. The process is dependent on help from CD4+ T cells that specifically recognize LCMV peptides presented by B cells on major histocompatibility complex class II molecules. Thus, hypergammaglobulinemia may arise when specific helper T cells recognize B cells that have processed viral antigens irrespective of the B cell receptor specificity. This nonspecific B cell activation may contribute to antibody-mediated autoimmunity.
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