Hypergammaglobulinemia and autoantibody induction mechanisms in viral infections |
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Authors: | Hunziker Lukas Recher Mike Macpherson Andrew J Ciurea Adrian Freigang Stefan Hengartner Hans Zinkernagel Rolf M |
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Affiliation: | Institute for Experimental Immunology, University Hospital, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland. lhunziker@uhbs.ch |
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Abstract: | Polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia is a characteristic of chronic inflammatory conditions, including persisting viral infections and autoimmune diseases. Here we have studied hypergammaglobulinemia in mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), which induces nonspecific immunoglobulins as a result of switching natural IgM specificities to IgG. The process is dependent on help from CD4+ T cells that specifically recognize LCMV peptides presented by B cells on major histocompatibility complex class II molecules. Thus, hypergammaglobulinemia may arise when specific helper T cells recognize B cells that have processed viral antigens irrespective of the B cell receptor specificity. This nonspecific B cell activation may contribute to antibody-mediated autoimmunity. |
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