我院儿科门诊呼吸道感染抗菌药使用现状分析

目的 了解儿科门诊上、下呼吸道感染抗菌药使用现状，促进儿科门诊合理应用抗菌药。方法 采用回顾性分析2016年10月份儿科门诊呼吸道感染患儿共28069人次的抗菌药使用情况，并进行统计分析。结果 上呼吸道感染和下呼吸道感染分别有42.01%（7380/17569）和79.16%（8312/10500）人次使用抗菌药，两组中均以＜1岁组总抗菌药使用率最低，分别为35.01%（1225/3499）和77.36%（2177/2814），两组中均以10～14岁组静脉抗菌药使用率最高，分别为31.72%（675/2128）和78.09%（303/388），两组中口服抗菌药均以三代头孢为主，分别占76.6%（2995/3910）和67.85%（1530/2255），两组中静脉抗菌药使用率最高的分别为青霉素类和大环内酯类，占比为36.67%（1361/3711）和21.09%（1556/7378）。结论 儿科门诊呼吸道感染抗菌药使用率较高，抗菌药使用存在年龄特点，应严格控制抗菌药的不规范应用，切实提高儿童用药的合理性和安全性。

Situation Analysis of the use of antibiotics in our hospital pediatric outpatient respiratory tract infections

Objective: To Investigation outpatient pediatric respiratory tract infections in children with the use of antibiotics in our hospital to promote the rational use of antibiotics. METHODS A retrospective analysis of October 2016 in our hospital pediatric outpatient respiratory tract infections in children with a total of 28069 visitors antibiotic usage. RESULTS Upper respiratory tract infection and lower respiratory tract infections, respectively 42.01% (7380/17569) and 79.16% (8312/10500) people use antibiotics, respectively, 21.12% (3711/17569) and 70.27% (7378/10500) intravenous antibiotics. Upper and lower respiratory tract infections oral combined with intravenous antibiotics usage was 1.37% (241/17569) and 12.58% (1321/10500). Upper and lower respiratory tract infections are the third generation cephalosporin oral antibiotic usage, accounting for 76.6% (2995/3910) and 67.85% (1530/2255), respectively, the upper and lower respiratory tract infections intravenous antibiotics for the highest rate of penicillin and large lactone ring, accounting for 36.67% (1361/3711) and 21.09% (1556/7378). CONCLUSION Outpatient pediatric respiratory infection rate is relatively high use of antibiotics, antibiotics should be strictly controlled non-standard applications, and effectively improve the rationality and safety of children medication.